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      Atualização dos rastreadores para detecção de eventos adversos a medicamentos em pacientes hematológicos Translated title: Update of triggers for detection of adverse drug events in hematologic patients Translated title: Actualización de los rastreadores para detectar eventos farmacológicos adversos en pacientes hematológicos

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          Resumo:

          A utilização de rastreadores para a busca ativa e detecção de eventos adversos a medicamentos (EAM) tem ganhado espaço nos serviços de farmacovigilância. Assim, o objetivo principal do estudo foi propor uma nova lista de rastreadores para ser empregada em um centro especializado em hematologia do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A atualização da lista de rastreadores consistiu na revisão da lista atual, com a exclusão e inclusão de rastreadores. Para verificar o desempenho da nova lista de rastreadores, realizou-se um estudo transversal em que os novos rastreadores foram utilizados para investigar a ocorrência de EAM em pacientes atendidos na emergência ou hospitalizados no período de janeiro a março de 2022. Para cada suspeita de EAM identificada, caracterizaram-se o perfil do paciente e as reações adversas a medicamentos (RAM) quanto à causalidade e gravidade. O desempenho dos rastreadores e sua capacidade de captação de EAM foram calculados por meio dos indicadores: frequência do rastreador por 100 prontuários, frequência de EAM por 100 prontuários e valor preditivo positivo (VPP). Para avaliar o desempenho global da nova lista proposta, calculou-se o VPP. Foram identificadas 374 prescrições de rastreadores em 186 prontuários. Os mais eficientes na detecção de possíveis EAM foram: lidocaína, loperamida, bisacodil, filgrastim e clister de glicerina. O VPP global da nova lista sugerida foi 48% contra 10% da lista anterior. Este estudo demonstrou a importância de uma lista de rastreadores atualizada para o monitoramento dos EAM e o aprimoramento da assistência prestada.

          Abstract:

          The use of triggers for the active search and detection of adverse drug events (ADEs) has been gaining ground within pharmacovigilance services. Thus, the main objective of the study was to propose a new list of triggers to be used in a center specialized in hematology in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The update of the list of triggers consisted of revising the current list, with the exclusion and inclusion of new triggers. To verify the performance of the new list of triggers, a cross-sectional study was conducted in which the new triggers were used to investigate the occurrence of ADEs in patients attended in the emergency unit or hospitalized from January to March 2022. For each suspected ADEs, the patient’s profile and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were characterized regarding causality and severity. The performance of the triggers and their ability to capture ADEs were estimated using the following indicators: frequency of the trigger per 100 medical records, frequency of ADEs per 100 records, and positive predictive value (PPV). To evaluate the overall performance of the proposed new list, the PPV was estimated. A total of 374 prescriptions for triggers were identified in 186 medical records. The most efficient in the detection of possible ADEs were: lidocaine, loperamide, bisacodyl, filgrastim and glycerin clyster. The overall PPV of the new suggested list was 48% versus 10% of the previous list. This study demonstrated the importance of an updated list of triggers for the monitoring of ADEs and improvement of the care provided.

          Resumen:

          El uso de rastreadores en la búsqueda y detección activa de eventos adversos de medicamentos (EAM) viene ganando espacio dentro de los servicios de farmacovigilancia. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de este estudio fue proponer una nueva lista de rastreadores que se utilizarán en un centro de hematología especializado en Río de Janeiro, Brasil. La actualización de la lista de rastreadores consistió en la revisión de la lista actual, con la exclusión e inclusión de rastreadores. Para verificar el desempeño de la nueva lista de rastreadores, se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se utilizaron los nuevos rastreadores para investigar la aparición de EAM en pacientes atendidos en urgencias u hospitalizados en el periodo de enero a marzo de 2022. Para cada sospecha de EAM identificados, el perfil del paciente y las reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) se caracterizaron por su causalidad y gravedad. El desempeño de los rastreadores y su capacidad para capturar EAM se calcularon mediante los indicadores: frecuencia del rastreador por cada 100 registros médicos, frecuencia de EAM por cada 100 registros médicos y valor predictivo positivo (VPP). Para evaluar el desempeño general de la nueva lista propuesta, se calculó el VPP. Se identificaron 374 recetas de rastreadores en 186 registros médicos. Los más eficientes en la detección de posibles EAM fueron lidocaína, loperamida, bisacodilo, filgrastim y enema de glicerina. El VPP general de la nueva lista sugerida fue del 48% frente al 10% de la lista anterior. Este estudio demostró la importancia de una lista actualizada de rastreadores para monitorear EAM y mejorar la atención brindada.

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          Most cited references38

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          A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions.

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            A method for estimating the probability of adverse drug reactions

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              Adverse drug events in hospitalized patients. Excess length of stay, extra costs, and attributable mortality.

              To determine the excess length of stay, extra costs, and mortality attributable to adverse drug events (ADEs) in hospitalized patients. Matched case-control study. The LDS Hospital, a tertiary care health care institution. All patients admitted to LDS Hospital from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 1993, were eligible. Cases were defined as patients with ADEs that occurred during hospitalization; controls were selected according to matching variables in a stepwise fashion. Controls were matched to cases on primary discharge diagnosis related group (DRG), age, sex, acuity, and year of admission; varying numbers of controls were matched to each case. Matching was successful for 71% of the cases, leading to 1580 cases and 20,197 controls. Crude and attributable mortality, crude and attributable length of stay, and cost of hospitalization. ADEs complicated 2.43 per 100 admissions to the LDS Hospital during the study period. The crude mortality rates for the cases and matched controls were 3.5% and 1.05%, respectively (P<.001). The mean length of hospital stay significantly differed between the cases and matched controls (7.69 vs 4.46 days; P<.001) as did the mean cost of hospitalization ($10,010 vs $5355; P<.001). The extra length of hospital stay attributable to an ADE was 1.74 days (P<.001). The excess cost of hospitalization attributable to an ADE was $2013 (P<.001). A linear regression analysis for length of stay and cost controlling for all matching variables revealed that the occurrence of an ADE was associated with increased length of stay of 1.91 days and an increased cost of $2262 (P<.001). In a similar logistic regression analysis for mortality, the increased risk of death among patients experiencing an ADE was 1.88 (95% confidence interval, 1.54-2.22; P<.001). The attributable lengths of stay and costs of hospitalization for ADEs are substantial. An ADE is associated with a significantly prolonged length of stay, increased economic burden, and an almost 2-fold increased risk of death.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Cad Saude Publica
                Cad Saude Publica
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                22 December 2023
                2023
                : 39
                : 12
                : e00077923
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
                [2 ] Instituto Estadual de Hematologia Arthur de Siqueira Cavalcanti, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
                [3 ] Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
                Author notes
                [Correspondência ] I. P. Domingues Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-617, Brasil. iris_domingues@ 123456hotmail.com

                Colaboradores: I. P. Domingues participou da concepção do estudo, análise e interpretação dos dados e redação do artigo; e aprovou a versão final. M. R. Costa participou da interpretação dos dados e redação do artigo; e aprovou a versão final.

                Informações adicionais: ORCID: Íris Pilegi Domingues (0000-0002-2833-4390); Milene Rangel da Costa (0000-0001-8153-1492).

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2833-4390
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8153-1492
                Article
                05006
                10.1590/0102-311XPT077923
                10740396
                38126560
                07c09f86-2b2f-432f-98e5-6bd280ffb93e

                Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob uma licença Creative Commons

                History
                : 26 April 2023
                : 10 August 2023
                : 21 August 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 36
                Categories
                Artigo

                efeitos colaterais e reações adversas relacionados a medicamentos,hematologia,farmacovigilância,drug-related side effects and adverse reactions,hematology,pharmacovigilance,efectos colaterales y reacciones adversas relacionados con medicamentos,hematología,farmacovigilancia

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