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      Disordered eating behaviour in young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus

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          Abstract

          Background

          The combination of eating disorders and diabetes is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to compare the prevalence of disordered eating behaviour (DEB) in young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus to a sample of non-diabetic controls, and to examine the relationship of DEB to glycaemic control.

          Methods

          The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) was administered to 51 individuals aged 18–30 years attending an outpatient diabetic clinic in a large university teaching hospital. Glycaemic control was assessed by the glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). The control group comprised a consecutive sample of 236 male and female students aged 18–30 years attending a university primary health care service.

          Results

          The mean global EDE-Q score for the diabetes group was 0.82 ± 1.1 (mean ± SD) and the mean for the control group was 1.4 ± 1.3 (mean ± SD). The diabetes group was significantly more likely to have a lower global EDE-Q score compared to the control group. There was no association between the global EDE-Q score of the diabetes group and HbA1c level.

          Conclusions

          We did not find increased levels of disordered eating behavior (DEB) in young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to a non-diabetic control sample.

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          Most cited references20

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          Validity of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) in screening for eating disorders in community samples.

          J. Mond, P. Hay, B. Rodgers … (2004)
          In order to examine the concurrent and criterion validity of the questionnaire version of the Eating Disorders Examination (EDE-Q), self-report and interview formats were administered to a community sample of women aged 18-45 (n = 208). Correlations between EDE-Q and EDE subscales ranged from 0.68 for Eating Concern to 0.78 for Shape Concern. Scores on the EDE-Q were significantly higher than those of the EDE for all subscales, with the mean difference ranging from 0.25 for Restraint to 0.85 for Shape Concern. Frequency of both objective bulimic episodes (OBEs) and subjective bulimic episodes (SBEs) was significantly correlated between measures. Chance-corrected agreement between EDE-Q and EDE ratings of the presence of OBEs was fair, while that for SBEs was poor. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, based on a sample of 13 cases, indicated that a score of 2.3 on the global scale of the EDE-Q in conjunction with the occurrence of any OBEs and/or use of exercise as a means of weight control, yielded optimal validity coefficients (sensitivity = 0.83, specificity = 0.96, positive predictive value = 0.56). A stepwise discriminant function analysis yielded eight EDE-Q items which best distinguished cases from non-cases, including frequency of OBEs, use of exercise as a means of weight control, use of self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives and guilt about eating. The EDE-Q has good concurrent validity and acceptable criterion validity. The measure appears well-suited to use in prospective epidemiological studies.
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            Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q): norms for young adult women.

            J. Mond, P. Hay, B. Rodgers … (2006)
            In order to establish norms for the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) among young adult women, the questionnaire was administered to a large general population sample of women aged 18-42 yr in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) region of Australia. Normative data were derived for EDE-Q subscales and for the occurrence of specific eating disorder behaviours, for each of five age bands (18-22, 23-27, 28-32, 33-37, 38-42 yr). Mean scores (SDs) for the Restraint, Eating Concern, Weight Concern and Shape Concern subscales for the total sample (n = 5,255) were, respectively, 1.30 (1.40), 0.76 (1.06), 1.79 (1.51) and 2.23 (1.65). The mean global score was 1.52 (1.25). The regular occurrence of objective and subjective overeating episodes was reported by 10.6% and 12.7% of participants, respectively. The regular use of self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse, and use of diuretics, was reported by 1.4%, 1.0%, and 0.3%, of participants, respectively, while 2.2% of participants reported regularly using diet pills. "Extreme dietary restraint" and "excessive exercise" were reported by 3.4% and 4.9% of participants, respectively. Both attitudinal and behavioural features of eating disorder psychopathology tended to decrease with increasing age. These data will inform researchers intending to use the EDE-Q in epidemiological studies.
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              Eating disorder examination questionnaire: norms for young adolescent girls.

              Jacqueline Carter, D.Anne Stewart, Christopher Fairburn (2001)
              This paper reports young adolescent female norms for the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). The standardization sample was comprised of 808 girls aged between 12 and 14 years from three single-sex schools (one private and two state schools). Means, standard deviations and percentile ranks for raw EDE-Q subscale scores are presented. Prevalence figures for key eating disorder behaviors over the previous two weeks were as follows: 4% self-induced vomiting; 1% laxative misuse; 0.4% diuretic misuse; and 8% regular binge eating.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                S. Keane: 00-353-1-8093354 , sarahkeane5@gmail.com
                M. Clarke: maryclarke@rcsi.ie
                M. Murphy: Michael.murphy@Unsw.edu.au
                D. McGrath: dmcgrat@tcd.ie
                D. Smith: diarmuidsmith@beaumont.ie
                N. Farrelly: niamh.farrelly@tcd.ie
                S. MacHale: siobhanmachale@beaumont.ie
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Eat Disord
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Eat Disord
                Title: Journal of Eating Disorders
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2050-2974
                Publication date (Electronic): 2 May 2018
                Publication date PMC-release: 2 May 2018
                Publication date Collection: 2018
                Volume: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: 9
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0617 6058, GRID grid.414315.6, Department of Psychiatry, , Beaumont Hospital, ; Beaumont Road, Dublin 9, Ireland
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9705, GRID grid.8217.c, Trinity College Health Service, ; Dublin, Ireland
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0617 6058, GRID grid.414315.6, Department of Endocrinology, , Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Road, ; Dublin 9, Ireland
                Article
                Publisher ID: 194
                DOI: 10.1186/s40337-018-0194-2
                PMC ID: 5930421
                SO-VID: 0f4990a0-dd37-4ab6-85fb-36952e6af49e
                Copyright © © The Author(s). 2018
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 1 December 2017
                Date accepted : 5 April 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2018

                Keywords: eating disorders,primary health care,eating disorder examination questionnaire (ede-q),disordered eating behaviour (deb), diabetes mellitus
                Data availability:
                Keywords: eating disorders, primary health care, eating disorder examination questionnaire (ede-q), disordered eating behaviour (deb), diabetes mellitus

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