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      Evaluación de las actitudes hacia la sexualidad del adulto mayor en una comunidad rural Translated title: Evaluation of the attitudes towards sexuality among the elderly in a rural community

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: La sexualidad sigue siendo un tabú ante la sociedad, especialmente en la etapa del adulto mayor. Objetivo: Evaluar las actitudes hacia la sexualidad del adulto mayor, en una comunidad rural del Estado de Hidalgo. Material y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo-descriptivo y transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 182 adultos mayores de un municipio rural en el Estado de Hidalgo, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario de actitudes hacia la sexualidad en la vejez. Resultados: La muestra tuvo un rango de edad entre 60 y 96 años. Se identificó que 56,6 % del total de los adultos mayores presentan actitudes negativas. La actitud hacia la sexualidad resultó tener diferencias significativas respecto a la edad (p< 0,05), estado civil (p< 0,05) y entorno social (p< 0,001). Por otra parte, los prejuicios y los mitos hacia la sexualidad tuvieron una correlación alta con la actitud de los adultos mayores hacia su sexualidad. Además, los encuestados hacen mención que los problemas con la sexualidad tienen que ver con el proceso del envejecimiento (57,7 %), las enfermedades (62,6 %) y los tratamientos médicos en la vejez (53,3 %). Conclusiones: En general, la actitud que tienen los adultos mayores hacia su sexualidad es negativa, donde a mayor edad presentan una actitud más negativa, así como los adultos mayores que viven solos, son viudos o divorciados. Los mitos y los prejuicios hacia la sexualidad en el adulto mayor tienen un papel importante en la actitud sobre este tema.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Sexuality continues to be a taboo to society, especially in the older adult stage. Objective: To evaluate the attitudes towards sexuality among the elderly in a rural community of Hidalgo State. Material and Methods: Quantitative-descriptive and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 182 older adults from a rural community in Hidalgo State, to whom the Questionnaire on Attitudes Towards Sexuality in Old Age (CASV) and sociodemographic variables were applied. Results: The sample had an age range between 60 and 96 years old. It was identified that 56.6 % of all older adults, present negative attitudes. The attitude towards sexuality turned out to have significant differences with respect to age (p< 0.05), marital status (p< 0.05), and social environment (p< 0.001). On the other hand, prejudices and myths towards sexuality had a high correlation with the attitude of older adults towards their sexuality. In addition, the older adults surveyed mention that the problems with sexuality depend on aging (57.7 %), diseases (62.6 %); and medical treatments in old age (53.3 %). Conclusions: In general, older adults have a negative attitude towards sexuality, where the older they are the more negative attitude they have, as well as those who live alone, are widowed, or divorced. The myths and prejudices towards sexuality in the elderly play an important role in the attitude on this subject.

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          Changes in sexual attitudes and lifestyles in Britain through the life course and over time: findings from the National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal)

          Summary Background Sexual behaviour and relationships are key components of wellbeing and are affected by social norms, attitudes, and health. We present data on sexual behaviours and attitudes in Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales) from the three National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal). Methods We used a multistage, clustered, and stratified probability sample design. Within each of the 1727 sampled postcode sectors for Natsal-3, 30 or 36 addresses were randomly selected and then assigned to interviewers. To oversample individuals aged 16–34 years, we randomly allocated addresses to either the core sample (in which individuals aged 16–74 years were eligible) or the boost sample (in which only individuals aged 16–34 years were eligible). Interviewers visited all sampled addresses between Sept 6, 2010, and Aug 31, 2012, and randomly selected one eligible individual from each household to be invited to participate. Participants completed the survey in their own homes through computer-assisted face-to-face interviews and self-interview. We analysed data from this survey, weighted to account for unequal selection probabilities and non-response to correct for differences in sex, age group, and region according to 2011 Census figures. We then compared data from participants aged 16–44 years from Natsal-1 (1990–91), Natsal-2 (1999–2001), and Natsal-3. Findings Interviews were completed with 15 162 participants (6293 men, 8869 women) from 26 274 eligible addresses (57·7%). 82·1% (95% CI 81·0–83·1%) of men and 77·7% (76·7–78·7%) of women reported at least one sexual partner of the opposite sex in the past year. The proportion generally decreased with age, as did the range of sexual practices with partners of the opposite sex, especially in women. The increased sexual activity and diversity reported in Natsal-2 in individuals aged 16–44 years when compared with Natsal-1 has generally been sustained in Natsal-3, but in men has generally not risen further. However, in women, the number of male sexual partners over the lifetime (age-adjusted odds ratio 1·18, 95% CI 1·08–1·28), proportion reporting ever having had a sexual experience with genital contact with another woman (1·69, 1·43–2·00), and proportion reporting at least one female sexual partner in the past 5 years (2·00, 1·59–2·51) increased in Natsal-3 compared with Natsal-2. While reported number of occasions of heterosexual intercourse in the past 4 weeks had reduced since Natsal-2, we recorded an expansion of heterosexual repertoires—particularly in oral and anal sex—over time. Acceptance of same-sex partnerships and intolerance of non-exclusivity in marriage increased in men and women in Natsal-3. Interpretation Sexual lifestyles in Britain have changed substantially in the past 60 years, with changes in behaviour seeming greater in women than men. The continuation of sexual activity into later life—albeit reduced in range and frequency—emphasises that attention to sexual health and wellbeing is needed throughout the life course. Funding Grants from the UK Medical Research Council and the Wellcome Trust, with support from the Economic and Social Research Council and the Department of Health.
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            Sex, health, and years of sexually active life gained due to good health: evidence from two US population based cross sectional surveys of ageing

            Objectives To examine the relation between health and several dimensions of sexuality and to estimate years of sexually active life across sex and health groups in middle aged and older adults. Design Cross sectional study. Setting Two samples representative of the US population: MIDUS (the national survey of midlife development in the United States, 1995-6) and NSHAP (the national social life, health and ageing project, 2005-6). Participants 3032 adults aged 25 to 74 (1561 women, 1471 men) from the midlife cohort (MIDUS) and 3005 adults aged 57 to 85 (1550 women, 1455 men) from the later life cohort (NSHAP). Main outcome measures Sexual activity, quality of sexual life, interest in sex, and average remaining years of sexually active life, referred to as sexually active life expectancy. Results Overall, men were more likely than women to be sexually active, report a good quality sex life, and be interested in sex. These gender differences increased with age and were greatest among the 75 to 85 year old group: 38.9% of men compared with 16.8% of women were sexually active, 70.8% versus 50.9% of those who were sexually active had a good quality sex life, and 41.2% versus 11.4% were interested in sex. Men and women reporting very good or excellent health were more likely to be sexually active compared with their peers in poor or fair health: age adjusted odds ratio 2.2 (P<0.01) for men and 1.6 (P<0.05) for women in the midlife study and 4.6 (P<0.001) for men and 2.8 (P<0.001) for women in the later life study. Among sexually active people, good health was also significantly associated with frequent sex (once or more weekly) in men (adjusted odds ratio 1.6 to 2.1), with a good quality sex life among men and women in the midlife cohort (adjusted odds ratio 1.7), and with interest in sex. People in very good or excellent health were 1.5 to 1.8 times more likely to report an interest in sex than those in poorer health. At age 30, sexually active life expectancy was 34.7 years for men and 30.7 years for women compared with 14.9 to 15.3 years for men and 10.6 years for women at age 55. This gender disparity attenuated for people with a spouse or other intimate partner. At age 55, men in very good or excellent health on average gained 5-7 years of sexually active life compared with their peers in poor or fair health. Women in very good or excellent health gained 3-6 years compared with women in poor or fair health. Conclusion Sexual activity, good quality sexual life, and interest in sex were higher for men than for women and this gender gap widened with age. Sexual activity, quality of sexual life, and interest in sex were positively associated with health in middle age and later life. Sexually active life expectancy was longer for men, but men lost more years of sexually active life as a result of poor health than women.
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              Salud y calidad de vida en el adulto mayor

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rhcm
                Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas
                Rev haban cienc méd
                Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de la Habana (La Habana, , Cuba )
                1729-519X
                December 2022
                : 21
                : 6
                : e4541
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo orgdiv1Escuela Superior de Tlahuelilpan Mexico
                Article
                S1729-519X2022000600013 S1729-519X(22)02100600013
                10194f2d-7222-4586-a7ea-5d97b1ba876c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 June 2022
                : 30 November 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Cuba

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                ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL

                elderly,Actitud,gender stereotype,sexualidad,anciano,estereotipo de género,attitude,sexuality

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