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      Diet, Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Diseases: Linking Pathophysiology to Cardioprotective Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds

      review-article
      1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 5 , 7 , 7 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 5 , 10 , 5 , 5 , 11 , 12 , * , 13 , 14 , * , 15 , *
      International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
      MDPI
      food, diet, lifestyle, classical and emerging risk factors, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, plant-food bioactive compounds, cardio-protective pharmacotherapy

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          Abstract

          Heart and blood vessels disorders comprise one of the main causes of death worldwide. Pharmacologically active natural compounds have been used as a complementary therapy in cardiovascular disease around the world in a traditional way. Dietary, natural bioactive compounds, as well as healthy lifestyles, are considered to prevent coronary artery diseases. Pre-clinical and clinical studies reported that consumption of plant-food bioactive derivatives including polyphenolic compounds, peptides, oligosaccharides, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids possess protective effects on cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize the cardiovascular risk factors, pre-clinical studies and clinical trials related to cardioprotective properties of the plant-food-derived bioactive compounds. Molecular mechanisms by the natural bioactive compounds exert their cardiovascular protective properties have also been highlighted.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Int J Environ Res Public Health
                ijerph
                International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
                MDPI
                1661-7827
                1660-4601
                30 March 2020
                April 2020
                : 17
                : 7
                : 2326
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran; javad.sharifirad@ 123456gmail.com
                [2 ]LEPABE—Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; c.fortunae@ 123456gmail.com
                [3 ]Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, 734003 Dushanbe, Tajikistan; shfarukh@ 123456mail.ru
                [4 ]Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; daoana00@ 123456gmail.com
                [5 ]Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; cankaraca@ 123456itu.edu.tr (A.C.K.); kahvecid@ 123456itu.edu.tr (D.K.K.); ozcelik@ 123456itu.edu.tr (B.O.); kasapogluk@ 123456itu.edu.tr (K.N.K.); gultekinmi@ 123456itu.edu.tr (M.G.-Ö.)
                [6 ]Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; mehdi_sharifirad@ 123456yahoo.com
                [7 ]Department of Food Engineering, Chemical and Metallurgical Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak Istanbul 34469, Turkey; gulsereng@ 123456itu.edu.tr (G.G.); esenol@ 123456firat.edu.tr (E.Ş.); evrendemircan@ 123456itu.edu.tr (E.D.)
                [8 ]Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; taaheri.yasaman@ 123456gmail.com
                [9 ]Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; hafiz.suleria@ 123456unimelb.edu.au
                [10 ]Bioactive Research & Innovation Food Manufac. Indust. Trade Ltd., Katar Street, Teknokent ARI-3, B110, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34467, Turkey
                [11 ]Pladis TR R&D Department, Kısıklı mah., Ferah cad. Üsküdar İstanbul 34692, Turkey; ceren.dikmen@ 123456pladisglobal.com
                [12 ]Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong, China
                [13 ]Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
                [14 ]Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
                [15 ]Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7301-8151
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8633-2230
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-8887
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-0644
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1810-8154
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0836-236X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2450-0830
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6070-4948
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-4586
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5934-5201
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1523-9116
                Article
                ijerph-17-02326
                10.3390/ijerph17072326
                7177934
                32235611
                1437cb58-7052-4c01-95e8-f79c2b364c56
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 07 March 2020
                : 27 March 2020
                Categories
                Review

                Public health
                food,diet,lifestyle,classical and emerging risk factors,atherosclerosis,arterial hypertension,diabetes,coronary artery disease,plant-food bioactive compounds,cardio-protective pharmacotherapy

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