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      Parto instrumental en cesárea anterior: importancia del intervalo interparto

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Evaluar la seguridad del parto instrumental en gestantes a término con antecedente de cesárea segmentaria entre 12 y 24 meses en trabajo de parto. Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y correlacional de 40 pacientes que iniciaron trabajo de parto espontáneamente entre marzo y octubre de 2005. Se atendieron mediante parto vaginal instrumental si la indicación de la cesárea previa no persistía. Se evaluó el intervalo interparto y el grosor del segmento uterino en relación a las dehiscencias. Ambiente: Maternidad “Concepción Palacios”, Caracas. Resultados: Tres pacientes presentaron dehiscencia del segmento uterino, 2 con intervalo interparto mayor a 18 meses, sin significancia estadística. Hubo diferencias significativas estadísticamente en cuanto a grosor del segmento, dosis total de oxitócico y tiempo del trabajo de parto. Conclusión: Después de los 12 meses de cesárea segmentaria el parto instrumental es recomendable en pacientes seleccionadas.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To evaluate the safety of instrumental vaginal delivery in women with history of cesarean section between 12 to 24 month previous. Method: Descriptive, transversal and correlational study of 40 patients that spontaneously initiated labor between March and October 2005. Vaginal instrumental delivery was performed if the indication of previous cesarean section not persisted. Interdelivery interval and lower segment thickeess were evaluated in relation to dehiscence. Setting: Maternidad “Concepcion Palacios”, Caracas. Results: Three patients had dehiscence of uterine segment, 2 with an interval between deliveries greater than 18 months, without statistical significance. There were significant differences in relation to: lower segment thickness, total dose of oxitocyn and duration of labor. Conclusion: After 12 months of cesarean section, instrumental vaginal delivery is recommended in selected patients.

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          Most cited references50

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          Elective repeat cesarean delivery versus trial of labor: a meta-analysis of the literature from 1989 to 1999.

          The aim of this study was to compare a trial of labor with elective repeat cesarean delivery among women with previous cesarean delivery. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from 1989 through 1999 with the following terms: vaginal birth after cesarean delivery, trial of labor, trial of scar, and uterine rupture. We included all controlled trials from developed countries in which the control group had been eligible for a trial of labor. Outcomes of interest were uterine rupture, hysterectomy, maternal febrile morbidity, maternal mortality, 5-minute Apgar score <7, and fetal or neonatal mortality. We computed pooled odds ratios for each outcome. The search strategy identified 52 controlled studies, 37 of which were excluded because many of the control subjects were not eligible for a trial of labor. Fifteen studies with a total of 47,682 women were included. Uterine rupture occurred more frequently among women undergoing a trial of labor than among those undergoing elective repeat cesarean delivery (odds ratio, 2.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-3.05). There was no difference in maternal mortality risk between the 2 groups (odds ratio, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.36-6.38). Fetal or neonatal death (odds ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-2.28) and 5-minute Apgar scores <7 (odds ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-3.88) were more frequent in the trial of labor group than in the control group. Mothers undergoing a trial of labor were less likely to have febrile morbidity (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval, 0.64-0.77) or to require transfusion (odds ratio, 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.76) or hysterectomy (odds ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.57). A trial of labor may result in small increases in the uterine rupture rate and in fetal and neonatal mortality rates with respect to elective repeat cesarean delivery. Maternal morbidity, including febrile morbidity, and the need for transfusion or hysterectomy may be reduced with a trial of labor.
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            Conservatism in obstetrics

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              The effect of birth weight on vaginal birth after cesarean delivery success rates.

              The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing birth weight on the success rates for a trial of labor in women with one previous cesarean delivery. To evaluate the effect of increasing birth weight for women who undergo a trial of labor, the medical records of women who had attempted a vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC) from 1995 through 1999 in 16 community and university hospitals were reviewed retrospectively by trained abstractors. Information was collected about demographics, medical history, obstetric history, neonatal birth weight, complications, treatment, and outcome of the index pregnancy. The analysis was limited to women with singleton gestations with a history of 1 previous cesarean delivery. Because women with previous vaginal deliveries have higher vaginal birth after cesarean delivery success rates, the women were divided into four risk groups on the basis of their birth history. Groups were defined as women with no previous vaginal deliveries (group 1), women with a history of a previous vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (group 2), women with a history of a vaginal delivery before their cesarean delivery (group 3), and a group of women with a vaginal delivery both before and after the previous cesarean delivery (group 4). There were 9960 women with a singleton gestation and a history of one previous cesarean delivery. The overall vaginal birth after cesarean delivery success rate for the cohort was 74%. The overall vaginal birth after cesarean delivery success rates for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 65%, 94%, 83%, and 93%, respectively. An analysis of neonatal birth weights of 4500 g in group 1 showed a reduction in vaginal birth after cesarean delivery success rates from 68%, 52%, 45%, and 38%, respectively. In the remaining groups, there was no success rate below 63% for any of the birth weight strata. For group 1, vaginal birth after cesarean delivery success rates were decreased when the indication for the previous cesarean delivery was cephalopelvic disproportion or failure to progress or when the treatment was either an induction or augmentation of labor. The uterine rupture rate was higher in women for group 1 with birth weights of > or =4000 g (relative risk, 2.3; P or =4000 g.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                og
                Revista de Obstetricia y Ginecología de Venezuela
                Rev Obstet Ginecol Venez
                Sociedad de Obstetricia y Ginecología de Venezuela (Caracas )
                0048-7732
                June 2007
                : 67
                : 2
                : 79-86
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Maternidad Concepción Palacios
                Article
                S0048-77322007000200003
                1517f076-1fc8-422b-b70f-79b3b0169ca2

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0048-7732&lng=en
                Categories
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Instrumental vaginal delivery,Previous cesarean section,Interdelivery interval,Parto instrumental,Cesárea previa,Intervalo interparto

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