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      Capsaicin topical cream (8%) for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome Translated title: Creme tópico de capsaicina (8%) para o tratamento da síndrome da dor miofascial

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          Abstract

          Background

          Myofascial pain syndrome is a common cause of musculoskeletal pain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential analgesic action of 8% capsaicin cream for topical use in patients with myofascial pain syndrome.

          Methods

          Initially, cream formulations of PLA (Placebo) and CPS (Capsaicin 8%) were developed and approved according to the current requirements of the health authority agency. The 40 participating patients were randomly assigned to the PLA and CPS groups in a double-blind fashion. Before the creams were topically administered, according to the allocation group, the local anesthetic was used for a period of 50 minutes directly in the area of interest. The cream was applied to the area of the skin over the trigger point, represented by the area with pain at palpation, in an amount of 10 g for 30 minutes in a circular area of 24 mm diameter. Subsequently, the cream was removed and the skin tolerability parameters were evaluated. The pain was measured before and during the formulation application, as well as at 1 hour, 7 days, 30 days, and 60 days after the procedure, evaluated using a verbal numerical scale (from 0 to 10: with 0 = no pain and 10 = worst pain imaginable).

          Results

          No patient in PLA Group had hyperemia or burning sensation at the site of application, while 85% of patients in CPS Group had hyperemia or burning sensation at 15 minutes. These complaints disappeared 24 hours after the cream was removed. The pain score in CPS Group decreased steadily up to the 60 th day of evaluation ( p < 0.0001).

          Conclusion

          Application of the formulations did not cause macroscopic acute or chronic skin lesions in patients, and the 8% capsaicin formulation was beneficial and well tolerated.

          Resumo

          Justificativa

          A síndrome da dor miofascial é uma causa comum de dor musculoesquelética. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a potencial ação analgésica de 8% do creme de capsaicina para uso tópico em pacientes com síndrome da dor miofascial.

          Métodos

          Inicialmente, as formulações de creme de PLA (Placebo) e CPS (Capsaicina 8%) foram desenvolvidas e aprovadas de acordo com os requisitos atuais da agência de autoridade de saúde. Os 40 pacientes participantes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente e de forma duplo-cega para os grupos PLA e CPS. Antes dos cremes serem administrados topicamente, de acordo com o grupo de alocação, o anestésico local foi usado por um período de 50 minutos diretamente na área de interesse. A administração ocorreu na área da pele sobre o ponto-gatilho o qual apresentou a área dolorida à palpação, em uma quantidade de 10 g por 30 minutos em área circular com diâmetro de 24 mm. Posteriormente, o creme foi removido e os parâmetros de tolerabilidade à pele foram avaliados. A dor foi medida antes e durante a aplicação da formulação, bem como 1 hora, 7 dias, 30 dias e 60 dias após o procedimento avaliado pela escala numérica verbal (0 a 10, com zero sem dor e dez a pior dor imaginável).

          Resultados

          Nenhum paciente no grupo PLA experimentou hiperemia ou sensação de queimação no local de aplicação do creme, enquanto 85% dos que experimentaram no grupo CPS apresentaram hiperemia ou sensação de queimação 15 minutos. Estas queixas desapareceram 24 horas após a remoção do creme. O escore de dor no grupo CPS diminui de forma sustentada até o 60 ° dia de avaliação ( p < 0,0001).

          Conclusão

          A administração das formulações não causou lesões cutâneas agudas ou crônicas macroscópicas nos pacientes, e a formulação de 8% de capsaicina foi benéfica e bem tolerada.

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          Most cited references26

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          2016 Revisions to the 2010/2011 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria.

          The provisional criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 and the 2011 self-report modification for survey and clinical research are widely used for fibromyalgia diagnosis. To determine the validity, usefulness, potential problems, and modifications required for the criteria, we assessed multiple research reports published in 2010-2016 in order to provide a 2016 update to the criteria.
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            Recent advances in the study on capsaicinoids and capsinoids.

            Chili peppers are the major source of nature capsaicinoids, which consist of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homodihydrocapsaicin, and homocapsaicin, etc. Capsaicinoids are found to exert multiple pharmacological and physiological effects including the activities of analgesia, anticancer, anti-inflammation, antioxidant and anti-obesity. Therefore, capsaicinoids may have the potential value in clinic for pain relief, cancer prevention and weight loss. In addition, capsaicinoids also display the benefits on cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system. It has been shown that capsaicinoids are potential agonists of capsaicin receptor or transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1). They could exert the effects not only through the receptor-dependent pathway but also through the receptor-independent one. CH-19 Sweet peppers are the source of nature capsinoids, which share similar structure with capsaicinoids and consist of capsiate, dihydrocapsiate, and nordihydrocapsiate, etc, Comparing with capsaicinoids, capsinoids are less pungent and easily broken down in the normal aqueous conditions. So far, it has been found that capsinoids possess the biological properties of antitumor, antioxidant and anti-obesity. Since capsinoids are less toxic than capsaicinoids, therefore, capsinoids may have the advantages over capsaicinoids in clinical applications such as cancer prevention and weight loss. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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              Capsaicin: Current Understanding of Its Mechanisms and Therapy of Pain and Other Pre-Clinical and Clinical Uses

              In this review, we discuss the importance of capsaicin to the current understanding of neuronal modulation of pain and explore the mechanisms of capsaicin-induced pain. We will focus on the analgesic effects of capsaicin and its clinical applicability in treating pain. Furthermore, we will draw attention to the rationale for other clinical therapeutic uses and implications of capsaicin in diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, airway diseases, itch, gastric, and urological disorders.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Braz J Anesthesiol
                Braz J Anesthesiol
                Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
                Elsevier
                0104-0014
                2352-2291
                11 October 2019
                Sep-Oct 2019
                11 October 2019
                : 69
                : 5
                : 432-438
                Affiliations
                [a ]Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Anestesiologia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
                [b ]Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Farmácia e Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
                [c ]Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Industrial, Bauru, SP, Brazil
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. guilherme.am.barros@ 123456unesp.br
                Article
                S0104-0014(19)30077-6
                10.1016/j.bjane.2019.06.008
                9391859
                31519301
                15a71995-b581-4247-9b60-523ff31b3032
                © 2019 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 3 April 2019
                : 14 June 2019
                Categories
                Scientific Article

                capsaicin,topical route,trigger points,myofascial pain syndrome,capsaicina,administração tópica,pontos-gatilho,síndrome de dor miofascial

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