Role of Sociocultural Factors in Depression among Elderly of Twin Cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) of Pakistan

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Abstract

This research was conducted to examine the role of sociocultural factors on depression among elderly of twin cities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) of Pakistan. 310 older adults participated in the present study. Through convenient sampling technique, face to face interview was carried out for data collection. Urdu translated Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form and demographic sheet were used to test hypotheses. Descriptive statistics and t-test were used for data analysis. Results showed significant mean differences among gender, marital status, family system, and status of employment on depression. Financial crisis, feeling of dejection because of isolation, and trend of nuclear family system have been observed as strong predictors of depression in older adults.

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Most cited references 25

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This study assessed the relationship between marital status and the risk for depression in people ≥ 55 years old. Using the Medline™, EMBASE™ and Cochrane Library databases, clinical studies that published data on the association between marital status and risk of depression among individuals aged ≥ 55 years were identified. A quantitative meta-analysis of 24 cross-sectional and eight longitudinal studies was performed. Compared with married elderly people, unmarried elderly people had a higher risk for depression (odds ratio [OR], 1.55; relative risk [RR], 1.36). Compared with married elderly people, the widowed elderly people (OR 1.49; RR 1.71), divorced people (RR 2.14) and never-married people (OR 1.32) had a higher risk for depression. Among elderly unmarried people, widowed people had a higher risk for depression than those who never married (OR 1.51). In conclusion, being unmarried was an important risk factor for depression in elderly people.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res

Journal ID (publisher-id): CGGR

Title: Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research

Publisher: Hindawi Publishing Corporation

ISSN (Print): 1687-7063

ISSN (Electronic): 1687-7071

Publication date (Print): 2014

Publication date (Electronic): 21 September 2014

Volume: 2014

Electronic Location Identifier: 230737

Affiliations

Department of Behavioral Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan

Author notes

*Saira Javed: saira.javedbhati@ 123456gmail.com

Academic Editor: Moisés Evandro Bauer

Article

DOI: 10.1155/2014/230737

PMC ID: 4189528

SO-VID: 1614d4a1-082b-4150-b809-48107094af8a

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.