Prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan and its determinants

Abstract

Objective To understand the prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan, and to explore its determinants, so as to provide a reference for solving their eating behavior problems.

Methods A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 3 288 preschool children aged 3-6 years and their caregivers from 24 kindergartens between August and November 2019. Eating behavior problems questionnaire survey and peripheral blood hemoglobin detection were conducted among the preschool children, and unconditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the determinants.

Results The total prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan was 66.8% (2 195/3 288), and the three most common eating behavior problems were poor appetite (40.1%, 1 317/3 288), picky eating (43.6%, 1 434/3 288), poor eating habits (44.4%, 1 460/3 288), respectively. The risk factors for general eating behavior problems included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, average daily static activity time ≥3 hours, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure, and older age and daily moderate/high intensity activities were protective factors. In the analysis of the three most common eating behavior problems: The risk factors for poor appetite included left-behind children, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure, and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors. The risk factors for picky eating included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, high family income, average daily static activity time ≥3 hours, and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors. The risk factors for poor eating habits included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, average daily static activity time ≥3 hours, and older age and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors.

Conclusion The prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan was high, which is influenced by age, left-behind, caregivers occupation, family income, activities, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure.

Abstract

【摘要】 目的 了解湖南农村学龄前儿童饮食行为问题的流行状况及其影响因素, 为改善农村地区儿童饮食行为问 题提供参考依据。 方法 2019 年 8—11 月在湖南农村采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法随机抽取 24 所幼儿园 3 288 名 3~6 岁儿童及其看护人为研究对象, 进行儿童饮食行为问卷调查及末梢血血红蛋白检测, 采用非条件Logistic回归模型进行影 响因素分析。 结果 湖南农村学龄前儿童饮食行为问题检出率为 66.8% (2 195/3 288), 最主要的 3 类饮食行为问题检出 率分别为胃口差 40.1% (1 317/3 288)、对某种食物特别偏好43.6% (1 434/3 288)、不良进食习惯 44.4%(1 460/3 288)。儿 童饮食行为问题与留守儿童、看护人职业为机关事业专技人员、平均每天静态活动时间 ≥3 h、贫血、二手烟环境暴露呈正 相关, 与儿童年龄越大和日常有中等或高强度活动呈负相关。最主要的 3 类儿童饮食行为问题影响因素分析中, 胃口差与 留守儿童、贫血、二手烟环境暴露呈正相关, 与日常有中等或高强度活动呈负相关；对某种食物特别偏好与留守儿童、看护 人职业为机关事业专技人员、家庭年收人高、平均每天静态活动时间≥3 h 呈正相关, 与日常有中等或高强度活动呈负相 关；不良进食习惯与留守儿童、看护人职业为机关事业专技人员、平均每天静态活动时间 ≥3 h 呈正相关, 与儿童年龄越大 和曰常有中等或高强度活动呈负相关 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 湖南农村学龄前儿童饮食行为问题检出率高。儿童饮食行 为问题受年龄、是否留守、看护人职业、家庭经济状况、活动、贫血、二手烟环境暴露等因素影响。