Protective Effects of Curcumin on the Outcome of Cryopreservation in Human Sperm

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Abstract

Cryopreservation causes decreased sperm fertility potential due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and physical-chemical damage, resulting in reduced sperm viability and motility. The addition of antioxidants to freezing media could protect sperm from cryo-damage, counteracting the harmful effects of ROS. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation in freezing medium on preventing cryo-damage in human semen. Semen samples collected from fertile men were cryopreserved in freezing medium supplemented with different concentrations of curcumin (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μM). After freezing-thawing, sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation, intracellular ROS, and glutathione peroxidase 4 ( GPX4) gene expression were evaluated. Supplementation with 20 μM curcumin in freezing medium caused increases in progressive and nonprogressive motility and significant reductions in intracellular ROS and DNA fragmentation in frozen-thawed sperm cells. Following cryopreservation, GPX4 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in thawed semen supplemented with 20 μM curcumin compared to the control. The results showed that curcumin supplementation in freezing medium was protective against human sperm parameters and sperm DNA, counteracting oxidative damage induced by the freeze-thaw process.

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Antioxidants Maintain Cellular Redox Homeostasis by Elimination of Reactive Oxygen Species.

Ting He, Shabnam Farrar, Linbao Ji … (2017)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by living cells as normal cellular metabolic byproduct. Under excessive stress conditions, cells will produce numerous ROS, and the living organisms eventually evolve series of response mechanisms to adapt to the ROS exposure as well as utilize it as the signaling molecules. ROS molecules would trigger oxidative stress in a feedback mechanism involving many biological processes, such as apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Growing evidences have suggested that ROS play a critical role as the signaling molecules throughout the entire cell death pathway. Overwhelming production of ROS can destroy organelles structure and bio-molecules, which lead to inflammatory response that is a known underpinning mechanism for the development of diabetes and cancer. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) are regarded as the markers of oxidative stress, can transform toxic metabolites into ROS, such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical which might cause injury of cells. Accordingly, cells have evolved a balanced system to neutralize the extra ROS, namely antioxidant systems that consist of enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin (Trx) as well as the non-enzymatic antioxidants which collectively reduce oxidative state. Herein, we review the recent novel findings of cellular processes induced by ROS, and summarize the roles of cellular endogenous antioxidant systems as well as natural anti-oxidative compounds in several human diseases caused by ROS in order to illustrate the vital role of antioxidants in prevention against oxidative stress.

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Curcumin activates the haem oxygenase-1 gene via regulation of Nrf2 and the antioxidant-responsive element.

Elisabeth Balogun, Martha Hoque, Pengfei Gong … (2003)

The transcription factor Nrf2, which normally exists in an inactive state as a consequence of binding to a cytoskeleton-associated protein Keap1, can be activated by redox-dependent stimuli. Alteration of the Nrf2-Keap1 interaction enables Nrf2 to translocate to the nucleus, bind to the antioxidant-responsive element (ARE) and initiate the transcription of genes coding for detoxifying enzymes and cytoprotective proteins. This response is also triggered by a class of electrophilic compounds including polyphenols and plant-derived constituents. Recently, the natural antioxidants curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) have been identified as potent inducers of haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a redox-sensitive inducible protein that provides protection against various forms of stress. Here, we show that in renal epithelial cells both curcumin and CAPE stimulate the expression of Nrf2 in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This effect was associated with a significant increase in HO-1 protein expression and haem oxygenase activity. From several lines of investigation we also report that curcumin (and, by inference, CAPE) stimulates ho-1 gene activity by promoting inactivation of the Nrf2-Keap1 complex, leading to increased Nrf2 binding to the resident ho-1 AREs. Moreover, using antibodies and specific inhibitors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, we provide data implicating p38 MAPK in curcumin-mediated ho-1 induction. Taken together, these results demonstrate that induction of HO-1 by curcumin and CAPE requires the activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway.

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Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of curcumin.

Tuba Ak, Ilhami Gulcin (2008)

Curcumin (diferuoyl methane) is a phenolic compound and a major component of Curcuma longa L. In the present paper, we determined the antioxidant activity of curcumin by employing various in vitro antioxidant assays such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH*) scavenging, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (DMPD) radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity determination by ferric thiocyanate, total reducing ability determination by the Fe(3+)-Fe(2+) transformation method, superoxide anion radical scavenging by the riboflavin/methionine/illuminate system, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and ferrous ions (Fe(2+)) chelating activities. Curcumin inhibited 97.3% lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion at 15 microg/mL concentration (20 mM). On the other hand, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA, 123 mM), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, 102 mM), alpha-tocopherol (51 mM) and trolox (90 mM) as standard antioxidants indicated inhibition of 95.4, 99.7, 84.6 and 95.6% on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion at 45 microg/mL concentration, respectively. In addition, curcumin had an effective DPPH* scavenging, ABTS*(+) scavenging, DMPD*(+) scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, ferric ions (Fe(3+)) reducing power and ferrous ions (Fe(2+)) chelating activities. Also, BHA, BHT, alpha-tocopherol and trolox, were used as the reference antioxidant and radical scavenger compounds. According to the present study, curcumin can be used in the pharmacological and food industry because of these properties.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Lucia Rocco:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-4798

lucia.rocco@unicampania.it

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Reprod Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Reprod Sci

Title: Reproductive Sciences

Publisher: Springer International Publishing (Cham )

ISSN (Print): 1933-7191

ISSN (Electronic): 1933-7205

Publication date (Electronic): 16 April 2021

Publication date PMC-release: 16 April 2021

Publication date Collection: October 2021

Volume: 28

Issue: 10

Pages: 2895-2905

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.9841.4, ISNI 0000 0001 2200 8888, Department of Woman, Child and General and Special Surgery, , University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, ; Napoli, Italy

[2 ]GRID grid.9841.4, ISNI 0000 0001 2200 8888, Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, , University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, ; Caserta, Italy

Author information

Lucia Rocco http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-4798

Article

Publisher ID: 572

DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00572-9

PMC ID: 8523395

PubMed ID: 33861392

SO-VID: 1bb612bf-9073-4436-8e02-25e041c55d10

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Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 6 August 2020

Date accepted : 2 April 2021

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009448, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli;

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Keywords: sperm quality,curcumin,sperm cryopreservation,glutathione peroxidase 4,oxidative stress,sperm dna fragmentation

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Keywords: sperm quality, curcumin, sperm cryopreservation, glutathione peroxidase 4, oxidative stress, sperm dna fragmentation

Protective Effects of Curcumin on the Outcome of Cryopreservation in Human Sperm

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Stress signalling in stem cells

Most cited references 105

Antioxidants Maintain Cellular Redox Homeostasis by Elimination of Reactive Oxygen Species.

Curcumin activates the haem oxygenase-1 gene via regulation of Nrf2 and the antioxidant-responsive element.

Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of curcumin.

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