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      Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Hip Fractures : A Cochrane Review

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          Abstract

          <p class="first" id="d8119586e109">This review focuses on the use of peripheral nerve blocks as preoperative analgesia, as postoperative analgesia, or as a supplement to general anesthesia for hip fracture surgery and tries to determine if they offer any benefit in terms of pain on movement at 30 minutes after block placement, acute confusional state, myocardial infarction/ischemia, pneumonia, mortality, time to first mobilization, and cost of analgesic. </p>

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          Postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression: a closed claims analysis.

          Lorri Lee, Robert Caplan, Linda S Stephens … (2015)
          Postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression (RD) is a significant cause of death and brain damage in the perioperative period. The authors examined anesthesia closed malpractice claims associated with RD to determine whether patterns of injuries could guide preventative strategies.
          Article 0 comments Cited 131 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Neurological complications after regional anesthesia: contemporary estimates of risk.

            Gavin Chan, Richard Brull, Hossam El-Rewaidy … (2007)
            Regional anesthesia (RA) provides excellent anesthesia and analgesia for many surgical procedures. Anesthesiologists and patients must understand the risks in addition to the benefits of RA to make an informed choice of anesthetic technique. Many studies that have investigated neurological complications after RA are dated, and do not reflect the increasing indications and applications of RA nor the advances in training and techniques. In this brief narrative review we collate the contemporary investigations of neurological complications after the most common RA techniques. We reviewed all 32 studies published between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2005 where the primary intent was to investigate neurological complications of RA. The sample size of the studies that investigated neurological complications after central and peripheral (PNB) nerve blockade ranged from 4185 to 1,260,000 and 20 to 10,309 blocks, respectively. The rate of neuropathy after spinal and epidural anesthesia was 3.78:10,000 (95% CI: 1.06-13.50:10,000) and 2.19:10,000 (95% CI: 0.88-5.44:10,000), respectively. For common PNB techniques, the rate of neuropathy after interscalene brachial plexus block, axillary brachial plexus block, and femoral nerve block was 2.84:100 (95% CI 1.33-5.98:100), 1.48:100 (95% CI: 0.52-4.11:100), and 0.34:100 (95% CI: 0.04-2.81:100), respectively. The rate of permanent neurological injury after spinal and epidural anesthesia ranged from 0-4.2:10,000 and 0-7.6:10,000, respectively. Only one case of permanent neuropathy was reported among 16 studies of neurological complications after PNB. Our review suggests that the rate of neurological complications after central nerve blockade is <4:10,000, or 0.04%. The rate of neuropathy after PNB is <3:100, or 3%. However, permanent neurological injury after RA is rare in contemporary anesthetic practice.
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              Burden of illness for osteoporotic fractures compared with other serious diseases among postmenopausal women in the United States.

              Andrea Singer, Alex Exuzides, Leslie Spangler … (2015)
              To provide a national estimate of the incidence of hospitalizations due to osteoporotic fractures (OFs) in women; compare this with the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and breast cancer; and assess temporal trends in the incidence and length of hospitalizations.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Anesthesia & Analgesia
                Abbreviated Title: Anesthesia & Analgesia
                Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
                ISSN (Print): 0003-2999
                Publication date Created: 2018
                Publication date (Print): May 2018
                Volume: 126
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 1695-1704
                Article
                DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002489
                PubMed ID: 28991122
                SO-VID: 2117821b-740f-41b4-af4f-faadf7cb7bda
                Copyright © © 2018
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