Diseño y validación de una escala de uso de medios académicos virtuales durante la pandemia COVID-19 Translated title: Design and validation of a scale of use of virtual academia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

Resumen Es necesario evaluar los entornos de las clases virtuales que se han generado a causa de la pandemia COVID-19, ante ello, el objetivo fue diseñar y validar una escala de uso de medios académicos virtuales. El estudio es de tipo instrumental, donde la muestra estuvo conformada por 582 universitarios peruanos. La escala estuvo conformada por 10 ítems distribuidos en 2 dimensiones. Para hallar la validez de contenido se consideró el juicio de expertos, para la validez de constructo el análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio, y para estimar la confiabilidad el α de Cronbach. Los resultados indican que los ítems recibieron una evaluación favorable (V de Aiken > .70). Los índices de bondad de ajuste fueron satisfactorios (χ2 = 24.204, df = 13; p = .001; RMR = .058; CFI = .931; TLI = .908; GFI = .957; AGFI = .931 y RMSEA = .071), asimismo, la correlación entre el factor 1 y 2 fue significativa (p < 0.05) y la confiabilidad buena (α = .74; IC 95% = .70 - .77). Se concluye que la escala de uso de medios académicos virtuales durante la pandemia COVID-19 es una herramienta breve y cuenta con evidencia de validez y confiabilidad.

Translated abstract

Summary It is necessary to evaluate the virtual class environments that have been generated by the COVID-19 pandemic. In view of this, the objective was to design and validate a scale for the use of virtual academic media. The study is of an instrumental type, where the sample was conformed by 582 Peruvian university students. The scale was conformed by 10 items distributed in 2 dimensions. In order to find the validity of the content, it was considered the experts' judgment, for the validity of the construct, the exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis, and to estimate the reliability, the Cronbach's α The results indicate that the items received a favorable evaluation (Aiken's V > .70). Goodness-of-fit indices were satisfactory (χ2 = 24,204, df = 13; p = .001; RMR = .058; IFC = .931; TLI = .908; GFI = .957; AGFI = .931 and RMSEA = .071), and the correlation between factor 1 and 2 was significant (p < 0.05) and reliability good (α = .74; 95% CI = .70 - .77). It is concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic virtual academia scale is a short tool and has evidence of validity and reliability.