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      Effects of Coffee Intake and Intraperitoneal Caffeine on Bone Repair Process - A Histologic and Histometric Study

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          Abstract

          Studies have suggested that caffeine acts on bone promoting an increase of calcium excretion, inhibition of osteoblast proliferation and delay in tissue repair process, raising the risk of fractures, osteoporosis, periodontal disease and affecting the success of bone reconstructive procedures. The aim of this study was to analyze histomorphometrically the process of alveolar bone healing after tooth extraction in rats subjected to daily intake of boiled coffee or intraperitoneal administration of caffeine. Forty-five male rats were divided according to the treatment in Control group (C); Coffee group (CO) - treated with coffee since birth; and Caffeine (CAF) - intraperitoneal injection of aqueous solution of caffeine 1.5% (0.2 mL/100g body weight) for 30 days. When weighing between 250-300 g they were anesthetized, subjected to extraction of the maxillary right incisor, and euthanized 7, 21 and 42 days after surgery for histological assessments of bone volume and the quality of formed bone in the dental socket. The qualitative results demonstrated larger amounts of blood clot and immature bone in animals under treatment of pure caffeine compared to coffee and control. Histometric analysis revealed that coffee treatment led to a 40% drop in bone formation, and caffeine a 60% drop in comparison to control animals (ANOVA p≤0.01). It was concluded that both the daily ingestion of coffee and the intraperitoneal administration of caffeine in rats delayed the alveolar bone reparative process after tooth extraction, and this effect was more aggressive when pure caffeine was used.

          Translated abstract

          Estudos têm sugerido que a cafeína age sobre o osso promovendo um aumento da excreção de cálcio, inibição da proliferação dos osteoblastos e retardo no processo de reparação tecidual, aumentando o risco de fraturas, osteoporose, doença periodontal, bem como afetando o sucesso de procedimentos de reconstrução óssea. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar histomorfometricamente o processo de reparação óssea alveolar após extração dentária em ratos submetidos à ingestão diária de café fervido ou a administração intraperitoneal de cafeína. 45 ratos machos foram divididos de acordo com o tratamento, em controle (C); café (CO), tratados com café desde o nascimento; e cafeína (CAF), injeção intraperitoneal de solução aquosa de cafeína de 1,5 % (0,2 mL/100 g de peso corporal) durante 30 dias. Quando pesavam entre 250-300 g os animais foram anestesiados, submetidos à extração do incisivo superior direito, e sacrificados em 7, 21 e 42 dias após a cirurgia para análises histológicas quanto ao volume e à qualidade do osso formado no alvéolo dental. Os resultados qualitativos demonstraram grandes quantidades de coágulo sanguíneo e osso imaturo nos animais tratados com cafeína pura, em relação aos grupos café e controle. A avaliação histométrica mostrou que o tratamento com o café levou a uma queda na formação óssea de 40%, e com a cafeína de 60% em comparação ao grupo controle (ANOVA p≤0,01). Concluiu-se que tanto a ingestão diária de café quanto a administração intraperitoneal de cafeína em ratos retardou o processo de reparação do osso alveolar após extração dentária, e este efeito é mais agressivo quando do uso da cafeína pura.

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          Most cited references25

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          Effects of caffeine on bone and the calcium economy.

          Caffeine-containing beverage consumption has been reported to be associated with reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk in some, but not most, observational studies. Human physiological studies and controlled balance studies show a clear but only a very small depressant effect of caffeine itself on intestinal calcium absorption, and no effect on total 24-h urinary calcium excretion. The epidemiologic studies showing a negative effect may be explained in part by an inverse relationship between consumption of milk and caffeine-containing beverages. Low calcium intake is clearly linked to skeletal fragility, and it is likely that a high caffeine intake is often a marker for a low calcium intake. The negative effect of caffeine on calcium absorption is small enough to be fully offset by as little as 1-2 tablespoons of milk. All of the observations implicating caffeine-containing beverages as a risk factor for osteoporosis have been made in populations consuming substantially less than optimal calcium intakes. There is no evidence that caffeine has any harmful effect on bone status or on the calcium economy in individuals who ingest the currently recommended daily allowances of calcium.
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            Coffee consumption and periodontal disease in males.

            Coffee is a major dietary source of antioxidants as well as of other anti-inflammatory factors. Given the beneficial role of such factors in periodontal disease, whether coffee intake is associated with periodontal disease in adult males was explored.
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              • Record: found
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              Bone tissue formation in extraction sockets from sites with advanced periodontal disease: a histomorphometric study in humans.

              To investigate postextraction bone formation over time in both diseased and healthy sockets.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bdj
                Brazilian Dental Journal
                Braz. Dent. J.
                Fundação Odontológica de Ribeirão Preto (Ribeirão Preto )
                1806-4760
                April 2015
                : 26
                : 2
                : 175-180
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0103-64402015000200175
                10.1590/0103-6440201300219
                25831110
                2b7fd0fc-0d67-4771-9c25-15d4f6c39986

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0103-6440&lng=en
                Categories
                DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

                Dentistry
                coffee,caffeine,bone repair,dental socket,histomorphometry.
                Dentistry
                coffee, caffeine, bone repair, dental socket, histomorphometry.

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