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      Avaliação radiográfica dos efeitos do aparelho Distal Jet nas distalizações intra-bucais: Um estudo piloto Translated title: Radiographic evaluation of the effects of Distal Jet appliance in intraoral distalizations: a pilot study

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          Abstract

          Freqüentemente, o tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II requer a distalização de molares superiores. O aparelho extrabucal foi o primeiro sistema criado para este fim, e ao longo de mais de um século de uso, provou sua eficiência. Entretanto, apresenta como grande desvantagem, o impacto estético negativo, já que os seus resultados estão atrelados à sistemática colaboração dos pacientes. Assim, vários aparelhos distalizadores intra-bucais foram desenvolvidos na expectativa de eliminar a necessidade de colaboração do paciente, dentre eles, se destaca o Distal Jet. Segundo Carano e Testa (1996), ele é o único mecanismo intrabucal capaz de distalizar os molares de corpo. Para avaliar os efeitos deste aparelho, um estudo piloto foi desenvolvido, utilizando-se seis adolescentes (idade média: 13,08 anos), portadores de má oclusão de Classe II dentária e padrão facial semelhante entre si. Telerradiografias laterais pré- e pós-distalização foram realizadas. O tempo médio desta fase foi de 4,5 meses. Mudanças de tecidos moles, esqueléticas e dentárias foram determinadas, comparando-se as medidas dos cefalogramas iniciais e finais. Utilizando-se o teste de Wilcoxon, as variáveis que apresentaram diferença significativa foram: inclinação distal da coroa do segundo molar, distalização do primeiro molar e distalização do segundo molar. O Distal Jet mostrou ser eficiente na distalização dos molares superiores, sobretudo pelo pequeno componente de inclinação dos primeiros molares. A perda de ancoragem e o aumento da altura facial ântero-inferior não apresentaram significância estatística.

          Translated abstract

          The treatment of Class II malocclusion frequently requires maxillary molars’ distalization. The extraoral appliance was the first created with this aim. It has proved its efficiency along the course of more than a century of its use. It presents, however, as a great disadvantage, the negative esthetic aspect, since its results depend on systematic patient cooperation. Thus, many intraoral distalizing appliances were developed with the specific aim of eliminating the need of patient cooperation.The one of them is the Distal Jet. According to Carano and Testa (1996) it is the only intraoral mechanism capable of distalizing molar of bodily. A pilot study was developed to evaluate the effect of this appliance. It used six adolescents (average age: 13.08), who had dental Class II malocclusion and a standard face pattern in common. Lateral headfilms were used before and after the treatment. The average time length was 4.5 months. Soft tissues, skeletal and dental changes were determined, comparing the measurements of the initial and final cephalograms. The items that varied significantly according to the Wilcoxon test were crown distal tipping of the second molar, distal movement of the first molar and distal movement of the second molar. The Distal Jet proved itself to be efficient in the upper molars’ distalization mainly by the small component of distal tipping of the first molars. The anchorage loss and the increase in the lower anterior face height did not present statistical significance.

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          Ortodontia

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            The pendulum appliance for Class II non-compliance therapy.

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              D2 Thr92Ala and PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphisms interact in the modulation of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients.

              Type 2 deiodinase (D2) converts T4 into its active metabolite T3, an essential step in thyroid metabolism. A Thr92Ala polymorphism in the gene encoding D2 has been inconsistently associated with insulin resistance (IR). Recently, it was reported that the D2 Thr92Ala (rs225014) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ2 Pro12Ala (rs1801282) polymorphisms interact in the modulation of metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic subjects. Here, we investigated the effect of both polymorphisms, isolated or in combination, on IR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The D2 Thr92Ala and PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphisms were genotyped in 721 DM2 patients. IR was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment-IR (HOMA(IR)) index in a subgroup of 246 DM2 subjects. The frequencies of D2 Ala92 and PPARγ2 Ala12 variants were 0.390 and 0.074, respectively. Patients carrying D2 Ala/Ala genotype had a higher fasting plasma insulin and HOMA(IR) index as compared to patients carrying Thr/Ala or Thr/Thr genotypes (P = 0.022 and P = 0.001, respectively). A significant synergistic effect was observed between D2 Thr92Ala and PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphisms on HOMA(IR) index, with carriers of both D2 Ala/Ala genotype and PPARγ2 Ala12 allele showing the highest HOMA(IR) values, after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and use of medication for DM2 (P = 0.010). In conclusion, DM2 patients harboring both D2 Ala/Ala genotype and PPARγ2 Ala12 allele seem to present more severe IR than those with other D2/PPARγ2 genotype combinations. These findings suggest that these polymorphisms interact in the IR modulation, which may constitute a potential therapeutic target.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                dpress
                Revista Dental Press de Ortodontia e Ortopedia Facial
                Rev. Dent. Press Ortodon. Ortop. Facial
                Dental Press Editora (Maringá )
                1980-5500
                May 2004
                : 9
                : 2
                : 69-78
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de Itaúna Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de Itaúna Brazil
                Article
                S1415-54192004000200008
                10.1590/S1415-54192004000200008
                2bc51227-bd03-4c92-9e11-9d0fd3f8128e

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1415-5419&lng=en
                Categories
                DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

                Dentistry
                Class II malocclusion,Intraoral distalizing appliances,Distal Jet,Classe II,Aparelhos distalizadores intra-bucais

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