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      Bcl-B: an “unknown” protein of the Bcl-2 family

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          Abstract

          Bcl-B is a poorly understood protein of the Bcl-2 family that is highly expressed in many healthy tissues and tumor types. Bcl-B is considered an antiapoptotic protein, but many reports have revealed its contradictory roles in different cancer types. In this mini-review, we elucidate the functions of Bcl-B in normal conditions and various pathologies, its regulation of programmed cell death, its oncogene/oncosuppressor activity in tumorigenesis, its impact on drug-acquired resistance, and possible approaches to inhibit Bcl-B.

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          Most cited references90

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          The Hallmarks of Cancer

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            Self-eating and self-killing: crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis.

            The functional relationship between apoptosis ('self-killing') and autophagy ('self-eating') is complex in the sense that, under certain circumstances, autophagy constitutes a stress adaptation that avoids cell death (and suppresses apoptosis), whereas in other cellular settings, it constitutes an alternative cell-death pathway. Autophagy and apoptosis may be triggered by common upstream signals, and sometimes this results in combined autophagy and apoptosis; in other instances, the cell switches between the two responses in a mutually exclusive manner. On a molecular level, this means that the apoptotic and autophagic response machineries share common pathways that either link or polarize the cellular responses.
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              Bcl-2 antiapoptotic proteins inhibit Beclin 1-dependent autophagy.

              Apoptosis and autophagy are both tightly regulated biological processes that play a central role in tissue homeostasis, development, and disease. The anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, interacts with the evolutionarily conserved autophagy protein, Beclin 1. However, little is known about the functional significance of this interaction. Here, we show that wild-type Bcl-2 antiapoptotic proteins, but not Beclin 1 binding defective mutants of Bcl-2, inhibit Beclin 1-dependent autophagy in yeast and mammalian cells and that cardiac Bcl-2 transgenic expression inhibits autophagy in mouse heart muscle. Furthermore, Beclin 1 mutants that cannot bind to Bcl-2 induce more autophagy than wild-type Beclin 1 and, unlike wild-type Beclin 1, promote cell death. Thus, Bcl-2 not only functions as an antiapoptotic protein, but also as an antiautophagy protein via its inhibitory interaction with Beclin 1. This antiautophagy function of Bcl-2 may help maintain autophagy at levels that are compatible with cell survival, rather than cell death.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                lirroster@gmail.com
                boris.zhivotovsky@ki.se
                Journal
                Biol Direct
                Biol Direct
                Biology Direct
                BioMed Central (London )
                1745-6150
                30 October 2023
                30 October 2023
                2023
                : 18
                : 69
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.4886.2, ISNI 0000 0001 2192 9124, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, , Russian Academy of Sciences, ; Moscow, 119991 Russia
                [2 ]Faculty of Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, ( https://ror.org/010pmpe69) Moscow, 119991 Russia
                [3 ]Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, ( https://ror.org/056d84691) Box 210, Stockholm, 17177 Sweden
                Article
                431
                10.1186/s13062-023-00431-4
                10614328
                37899453
                2cdc20e1-5b9b-40db-ab9b-8936b431d82d
                © The Author(s) 2023

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 19 October 2023
                : 23 October 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: Karolinska Institute
                Categories
                Review
                Custom metadata
                © BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

                Life sciences
                bcl-b/bcl-2l10,bcl-2 family proteins,carcinogenesis,programmed cell death,oogenesis,embryogenesis

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