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      Nephrology eConsults for Primary Care Providers: Original Investigation

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          Abstract

          Background:

          The Champlain BASE™ (Building Access to Specialists through eConsultation) eConsult service allows primary care providers (PCPs) to submit patient-specific clinical questions to specialists via a secure web service.

          Objective:

          Our objective was to describe the types of nephrology questions asked through an eConsult service based in eastern Ontario and assess the service’s impact on the need for face-to-face consultations.

          Design:

          Cross-sectional study using descriptive statistics was conducted using nephrology cases submitted between May 2011 and January 2015. Specialist response times and referral avoidance were collected. Validated taxonomies were used to categorize cases based on question type and content.

          Setting:

          Patient cases were collected from PCPs in Ottawa, Ontario, and its surrounding communities and submitted to nephrologists at the Ottawa Hospital.

          Patients:

          During the study period, 155 eConsults were submitted to nephrology.

          Measurement:

          Utilization and survey data were collected for all eConsults. Questions were categorized by subject matter and question type.

          Results:

          A traditional consult visit was avoided in 45% of cases based on the specialist’s advice; 21% cases required referral. Thirty-two percent of eConsults took specialists less than 10 minutes to complete, 55% took 10 to 15 minutes, 11% took 15 to 20 minutes, and only 2% took more than 20 minutes. Twenty-five percent of cases were related to proteinuria, 18% to chronic kidney disease (CKD), 17% to imaging, and 12% to drug use in CKD. Common question types included general management (37%), interpretation of laboratory test (17%), interpretation of an image report (13%), and need for nephrology referral (11%).

          Limitations:

          Some consults contained multiple categories and question types. Our analyses required a single classification, which may underestimate the number of questions in each category. Our study had a small sample size using cases completed in a single health jurisdiction, limiting generalizability.

          Conclusions:

          The Champlain BASE™ eConsult service provided guidance to PCPs and reduced the number of face-to-face nephrology consultations.

          Abrégé

          Contexte:

          La plateforme BASE MD (Building Access to Specialists through eConsultation) de Champlain, en Ontario, consiste en un service de consultation médicale en ligne : cette plateforme Web sécurisée offre la possibilité aux fournisseurs de soins de santé primaires (FSSP) de soumettre des questions d’ordre clinique à un médecin spécialiste.

          Objectifs de l’étude:

          Notre objectif était bipartite : 1) déterminer les types de questions reliées à la néphrologie faisant l’objet d’une consultation en ligne dans l’est de l’Ontario; 2) évaluer l’incidence de ce type de service sur les besoins de consultations en clinique.

          Type d’étude:

          L’étude transversale, menée à partir de statistiques descriptives, incluait tous les cas de néphrologie soumis entre mai 2011 et janvier 2015. On a extrait les données d’utilisation et les renseignements pertinents de chacune des consultations en ligne. Les questions ont ensuite été classées par sujet et par type.

          Cadre:

          Les cas ont été recueillis auprès des FSSP de la grande région d’Ottawa (Ontario) et soumis aux néphrologues de l’hôpital d’Ottawa.

          Participants :

          Au cours de la période visée, 155 consultations en ligne en néphrologie ont été soumises.

          Mesures:

          On a noté le temps de réponse des spécialistes et recueilli les cas ayant permis d’éviter un aiguillage vers une consultation en clinique. Les taxonomies validées ont été utilisées pour classer les cas selon le type de questions et leur contenu.

          Résultats:

          L’avis d’un spécialiste en ligne a permis d’éviter une consultation en clinique dans 45 % des cas; un aiguillage s’est avéré nécessaire dans 21 % des cas. Pour bon nombre de cas, la consultation en ligne avec le spécialiste a duré entre 10 et 15 minutes (55 % des cas); 32 % des consultations ont duré moins de 10 minutes et 11 % ont duré entre 15 et 20 minutes. Seulement deux pour cent (2 %) des consultations en ligne ont pris plus de 20 minutes. Les cas se rapportaient principalement à la protéinurie (25 %), à l’insuffisance rénale chronique (18 %), à l’imagerie (17 %) et aux traitements médicamenteux (12 %). Les principaux types de questions posées concernaient la prise en charge générale du patient (37 %), l’interprétation des résultats de laboratoire (17 %), l’interprétation d’un rapport d’imagerie (13 %) et la nécessité ou non de consulter en néphrologie (11 %).

          Limites de l’étude:

          Le faible échantillonnage et la provenance géographique restreinte des cas sont deux facteurs qui limitent la portée et l’extrapolation des résultats. De plus, certaines consultations comportaient plusieurs types de questions ou couvraient plus d’un sujet; comme nos analyses exigeaient une classification unique, le nombre de questions d’un type donné a pu être sous-estimé.

          Conclusion:

          Le projet de consultation en ligne BASE MD de Champlain a rempli ses objectifs en procurant aux FSSP un accès aux spécialistes et en réduisant le nombre de consultations en clinique de néphrologie.

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          Most cited references15

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Electronic consultation systems: worldwide prevalence and their impact on patient care-a systematic review.

          Many health organizations are exploring the potential of electronic consultation (eConsult) services to address excessive wait times for specialist care.
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            Utilization, benefits, and impact of an e-consultation service across diverse specialties and primary care providers.

            Access to specialist advice remains a barrier for primary care providers (PCPs) and their patients. Virtual consultations have been used to expedite access. There are few studies demonstrating the utilization and impact of such services. We established a regional e-consultation service that was used across a wide range of specialty services and PCPs. We prospectively collected all e-consultations submitted from April 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012. Utilization data collected included number of e-consultations submitted, specialist response, and time required for the specialist to complete the e-consultation. Perceived benefit to the PCPs and their patients and the impact on care delivery were determined from a close-out survey. Fifty-nine PCPs submitted 406 e-consultations to 16 specialty services. The specialist provided an answer without requesting further information in 89% of cases, with >90% of cases taking 90% of cases. In 43% of submitted cases a traditional referral was originally contemplated but was now avoided. We successfully implemented an e-consultation service across diverse PCPs and specialty services that was highly valued. Almost half of referrals submitted would have required a face-to-face consultation if the service had not been available. Thus e-consultation has tremendous potential for improving access to specialist advice in a much more timely manner than the traditional referral-consultation process.
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              The coming of age of ICPC: celebrating the 21st birthday of the International Classification of Primary Care.

              The International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) has, since its introduction in 1987, been quite successful. Now in its second revised version, it has been translated in 22 languages, accepted by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a member of the Family of International Classifications, and is being widely used both in routine daily practice and in research. In this contribution, it is explained that ICPC was designed as a theoretical classification, and that it has especially great potential when used (1) supported by the ICPC2/ICD10 Thesaurus, (2) in sufficiently large studies to allow all classes to be observed often enough to provide reliable data, and (3) in studies based on data on episodes of care, rather than encounter data only. Under these conditions, the likelihood ratios of symptoms given a diagnosis, and of co-morbidity become available, which define the clinical content of family practice.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Can J Kidney Health Dis
                Can J Kidney Health Dis
                CJK
                spcjk
                Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease
                SAGE Publications (Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA )
                2054-3581
                23 January 2018
                2018
                : 5
                : 2054358117753619
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                [2 ]Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
                [3 ]Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                [4 ]Champlain Local Health Integration Network, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                [5 ]Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                [6 ]Bruyere Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                Author notes
                [*]Erin Keely, Ottawa Hospital, 1967 Riverside Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 7W9. Email: ekeely@ 123456toh.ca
                Article
                10.1177_2054358117753619
                10.1177/2054358117753619
                5788130
                29399366
                2f0c1b44-9c5f-4b5a-8f84-2c8c735bb7bd
                © The Author(s) 2018

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                : 21 July 2017
                : 9 October 2017
                Categories
                Original Research Article
                Custom metadata
                January-December 2018

                nephrology,econsult,referral,outcomes,questions,access
                nephrology, econsult, referral, outcomes, questions, access

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