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      Trauma-informed responses in addressing public mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: position paper of the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS) Translated title: Respuestas basadas en el trauma para abordar las consecuencias en la salud mental pública de la pandemia COVID-19: Artículo de Postura de la Sociedad Europea para Estudios del Estrés Traumático (ESTSS) Translated title: 应对COVID-19疫情公共心理健康后果的创伤知情反应:欧洲创伤应激研究学会(ESTSS)意见书

      letter
      a , b , c , d , e , f , g
      European Journal of Psychotraumatology
      Taylor & Francis
      COVID-19, Europe, ESTSS, public mental health, psychotraumatology, trauma-informed, trauma-specific, prevention, COVID-19, COVID-19; Europa; ESTSS; salud mental pública; psicotraumatología; específico del trauma; trauma-informado; prevención , • ESTSS implements a broad and inclusive response to COVID-19, adopting a multi-layered approach under the umbrella of trauma-informed principles and focuses on (1) trauma-informed policies, (2) capacity building, (3) collaborative research, and knowledge-exchange.

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          ABSTRACT

          The COVID-19 pandemic has changed life in Europe and globally. The pandemic affects both individuals and the broader society across many domains, including physical and psychological health, the economy and general welfare. The measures taken to counteract the pandemic have significantly altered daily life and, along with the threat of contracting the coronavirus and uncertainties surrounding future developments, created a complex system of stressors with a negative impact on public mental health.

          This paper aims to outline the ESTSS strategy to address mental health issues related to COVID-19 and focuses on (1) trauma-informed policies, (2) capacity building, (3) collaborative research and (4) knowledge-exchange. To facilitate implementation of a trauma-informed approach and appropriate measures, ESTSS has developed a toolkit of recommendations on mental health and psychosocial assistance to be provided during the different phases of crisis and its aftermath. To promote capacity building, ESTSS offers a certification programme based on a curriculum in psychotraumatology and corresponding on-line training to the European community of mental health professionals. To assure evidence-based approaches and methods tailored to current circumstances, ESTSS has initiated a pan-European research project with international cooperation aimed at studying the mental health consequences of the pandemic, with a focus on psychological trauma and other stress-related reactions. To foster knowledge-exchange, the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT), the official journal of ESTSS, is publishing a special issue on COVID-19.

           

          La pandemia de COVID-19 ha cambiado la vida en Europa y en todo el mundo. La pandemia afecta tanto a los individuos como a la sociedad en general en muchos ámbitos, incluida la salud física y psicológica, la economía y el bienestar general. Las medidas tomadas para contrarrestar la pandemia han alterado significativamente la vida diaria y, junto con la amenaza de contraer el coronavirus y las incertidumbres que rodean los desarrollos futuros, crearon un complejo sistema de estresores con un impacto negativo en la salud mental pública. En este artículo se pretende esbozar la estrategia de la ESTSS para abordar los problemas de salud mental relacionados con COVID-19 y se centra en: 1. Políticas informadas en trauma, 2. capacitación, 3. investigación colaborativa, 4. e intercambio de conocimientos. Para facilitar la implementación de un enfoque basado en el trauma y las medidas apropiadas, la ESTSS ha desarrollado un conjunto de herramientas de recomendaciones sobre salud mental y asistencia psicosocial que se proporcionará durante las diferentes fases de la crisis y sus consecuencias. Para fomentar la capacitación, la ESTSS ofrece un programa de certificación basado en un plan de estudios en psicotraumatología y la formación on-line correspondiente a la comunidad europea de profesionales de la salud mental. Para asegurar enfoques y métodos basados en la evidencia adaptados a las circunstancias actuales, la ESTSS ha iniciado un proyecto de investigación paneuropeo con cooperación internacional, destinado a estudiar las consecuencias de la pandemia en la salud mental, con enfoque en el trauma psicológico y otras reacciones relacionadas con el estrés. Para fomentar intercambio de conocimiento, la European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT), la revista oficial de ESTSS, publica un número especial sobre COVID-19.

           

          COVID-19疫情改变了欧洲乃至全球的生活。疫情影响着个人和整个社会, 涉及众多领域, 包括身心健康, 经济和一般福利。为应对疫情采取的措施已大大改变了人们的日常生活, 并且随着冠状病毒感染的威胁及未来发展的不确定性, 造成了一个复杂的应激源系统, 对公共心理健康产生了负面影响。

          本文旨在概述ESTSS解决COVID-19相关心理健康问题的策略, 并重点关注:1.创伤知情政策, 2.能力建设, 3.合作研究以及 4.知识交流。为了促进创伤知情方法和适当措施的实行, ESTSS开发了一套工具包, 包含可在危机不同阶段及之后提供的关心理健康和社会心理援助的建议。为了促进能力建设, ESTSS提供了基于精神创伤学课程的认证计划, 并向欧洲精神卫生专业人员社区提供了相应的在线培训。为了确保采取针对当前情况定制的循证方法, ESTSS与国际合作启动了一项泛欧研究项目, 旨在研究疫情的心理健康后果, 重点关注心理创伤和其他应激相关反应。为了促进知识交流, ESTSS的官方杂志《欧洲精神创伤学杂志》 (EJPT) 正在出版COVID-19相关特刊。

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          The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus

          In December, 2019, a novel coronavirus outbreak of pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, 1 and has subsequently garnered attention around the world. 2 In the fight against the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), medical workers in Wuhan have been facing enormous pressure, including a high risk of infection and inadequate protection from contamination, overwork, frustration, discrimination, isolation, patients with negative emotions, a lack of contact with their families, and exhaustion. The severe situation is causing mental health problems such as stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger, and fear. These mental health problems not only affect the medical workers' attention, understanding, and decision making ability, which might hinder the fight against 2019-nCoV, but could also have a lasting effect on their overall wellbeing. Protecting the mental health of these medical workers is thus important for control of the epidemic and their own long-term health. The local government of Wuhan has implemented policies to address these mental health problems. Medical staff infected with 2019-nCoV while at work will be identified as having work-related injuries. 3 As of Jan 25, 2020, 1230 medical workers have been sent from other provinces to Wuhan to care for patients who are infected and those with suspected infection, strengthen logistics support, and help reduce the pressure on health-care personnel. 4 Most general hospitals in Wuhan have established a shift system to allow front-line medical workers to rest and to take turns in high-pressured roles. Online platforms with medical advice have been provided to share information on how to decrease the risk of transmission between the patients in medical settings, which aims to eventually reduce the pressure on medical workers. Psychological intervention teams have been set up by the RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University and Mental Health Center of Wuhan, which comprise four groups of health-care staff. Firstly, the psychosocial response team (composed of managers and press officers in the hospitals) coordinates the management team's work and publicity tasks. Secondly, the psychological intervention technical support team (composed of senior psychological intervention experts) is responsible for formulating psychological intervention materials and rules, and providing technical guidance and supervision. Thirdly, the psychological intervention medical team, who are mainly psychiatrists, participates in clinical psychological intervention for health-care workers and patients. Lastly, the psychological assistance hotline teams (composed of volunteers who have received psychological assistance training in dealing with the 2019-nCoV epidemic) provide telephone guidance to help deal with mental health problems. Hundreds of medical workers are receiving these interventions, with good response, and their provision is expanding to more people and hospitals. Understanding the mental health response after a public health emergency might help medical workers and communities prepare for a population's response to a disaster. 5 On Jan 27, 2020, the National Health Commission of China published a national guideline of psychological crisis intervention for 2019-nCoV. 4 This publication marks the first time that guidance to provide multifaceted psychological protection of the mental health of medical workers has been initiated in China. The experiences from this public health emergency should inform the efficiency and quality of future crisis intervention of the Chinese Government and authorities around the world.
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            Epidemic of COVID-19 in China and associated Psychological Problems

            Highlights • There are higher rate of anxiety, depression, alcohol use disorder, and lower mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 epidemic. • Depression and alcohol use disorder were higher among people from Hubei than other provinces. • Non-significant gender differences in anxiety, depression, and mental wellbeing. • Young people, aged 21–40 years old, were psychologically more vulnerable position during the COVID-19 epidemic.
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              • Article: not found

              The emotional impact of Coronavirus 2019-nCoV (new Coronavirus disease)

              Highlights • Most health professionals working in isolation units and hospitals do not receive any training for providing mental health care. • During disease outbreaks, community anxiety can rise following the first death, increased media reporting, and an escalating number of new cases. • Mass quarantine is likely to raise anxiety substantially.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Eur J Psychotraumatol
                Eur J Psychotraumatol
                European Journal of Psychotraumatology
                Taylor & Francis
                2000-8198
                2000-8066
                9 July 2020
                2020
                : 11
                : 1
                : 1780782
                Affiliations
                [a ]Institute of Addiction Studies, Faculty of Arts and Science, Ilia State University; , Tbilisi, Georgia
                [b ]Urbino University; , Urbino, Italy
                [c ]Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institute; , Stockholm, Sweden
                [d ]Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University; , Vilnius, Lithuania
                [e ]Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neurosciences & Public Health, Amsterdam UMC; , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
                [f ]ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre; , Diemen, The Netherlands
                [g ]Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf; , Hamburg, Germany
                Author notes
                CONTACT Jana Darejan Javakhishvili darejan.javakhishvili@ 123456iliauni.edu.ge Institute of Addiction Studies, Faculty of Arts and Science, Ilia State University; , Tbilisi, Georgia
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0196-7582
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-1448
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2246-3842
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-6220
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1016-9515
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9711-3559
                Article
                1780782
                10.1080/20008198.2020.1780782
                7473312
                33029320
                31be2fac-24bf-49b2-9157-f6bb5cc3ae14
                © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 1, References: 42, Pages: 1
                Categories
                Letter to the Editor
                Letter to the Editor

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                covid-19,europe,estss,public mental health,psychotraumatology,trauma-informed,trauma-specific,prevention,covid-19; europa; estss; salud mental pública; psicotraumatología; específico del trauma; trauma-informado; prevención,• estss implements a broad and inclusive response to covid-19, adopting a multi-layered approach under the umbrella of trauma-informed principles and focuses on (1) trauma-informed policies, (2) capacity building, (3) collaborative research, and knowledge-exchange.

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