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      Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Case Study of Disease Mongering and Activist Resistance

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      PLoS Medicine
      Public Library of Science

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          Abstract

          Tiefer highlights key steps in the "creation" of a new diagnosis, female sexual dysfunction, and of the campaign to challenge its reductionist approach to women's sexual problems.

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          Most cited references52

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          Impotence

          (1993)
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            Report of the international consensus development conference on female sexual dysfunction: definitions and classifications.

            Female sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent but not well defined or understood. We evaluated and revised existing definitions and classifications of female sexual dysfunction. An interdisciplinary consensus conference panel consisting of 19 experts in female sexual dysfunction selected from 5 countries was convened by the Sexual Function Health Council of the American Foundation for Urologic Disease. A modified Delphi method was used to develop consensus definitions and classifications, and build on the existing framework of the International Classification of Diseases-10 and DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association, which were limited to consideration of psychiatric disorders. Classifications were expanded to include psychogenic and organic causes of desire, arousal, orgasm and sexual pain disorders. An essential element of the new diagnostic system is the "personal distress" criterion. In particular, new definitions of sexual arousal and hypoactive sexual desire disorders were developed, and a new category of noncoital sexual pain disorder was added. In addition, a new subtyping system for clinical diagnosis was devised. Guidelines for clinical end points and outcomes were proposed, and important research goals and priorities were identified. We recommend use of the new female sexual dysfunction diagnostic and classification system based on physiological as well as psychological pathophysiologies, and a personal distress criterion for most diagnostic categories.
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              The making of a disease: female sexual dysfunction.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PLoS Med
                pmed
                PLoS Medicine
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                1549-1277
                1549-1676
                April 2006
                11 April 2006
                : 3
                : 4
                : e178
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The author has declared that no competing interests exist.

                Leonore Tiefer is Clinical Associate Professor of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America. E-mail: Leonore.Tiefer@ 123456med.nyu.edu

                Article
                10.1371/journal.pmed.0030178
                1434501
                16597176
                324f1143-16ce-4199-965e-b411ff6de8eb
                Copyright: © 2006 Leonore Tiefer. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
                History
                Categories
                Essay
                Clinical Pharmacology
                Medical History
                Sexual Health
                Urology
                Women's Health
                Women's Health
                Sexual Health
                Drugs and Adverse Drug Reactions
                History
                Urology

                Medicine
                Medicine

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