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      Long intergenic non-coding RNA -00917 regulates the proliferation, inflammation, and pyroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells via targeting miR-149-5p/NOD-like receptor protein 1 axis

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      , , , , , ,
      Bioengineered
      Taylor & Francis
      Intervertebral disc degeneration, LINC00917, pyroptosis, inflammation

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          ABSTRACT

          Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) has caused great trouble in people’s lives. Dysregulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely linked to IDD progression. Our study aims to analyze the role of LINC00917 in the progression of IDD. Forty nucleus pulposus (NP) IDD tissues and 40 NP tissues of intervertebral discs without apparent degeneration were collected. TBHP was used to induce IDD. Cell proliferation was measured using the MTT and EdU assays. Pyroptosis was detected using flow cytometry. RT-qPCR and Western blot assays were performed to determine mRNA, miRNA, and protein expression. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays were performed to verify the relationship between LINC00917 or NLRP1 and miR-149-5p. LINC00917 expression was enhanced in TBHP-treated nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). The knockdown of LINC00917 promoted proliferation and inhibited cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and pyroptosis of NPCs. LINC00917 functions as a sponge for miR-149-5p. Having silenced miR-149-5p, the effects of LINC00917 knockdown on NPC proliferation and inflammation-induced pyroptosis were alleviated. NLRP1 overexpression induced cellular dysfunction and pyroptosis of NPCs. LINC00917 knockdown restored NPC cellular functions and inhibited IDD progression by modulating the miR-149-5p/NLRP1 axis.

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          Pyroptosis: Gasdermin-Mediated Programmed Necrotic Cell Death.

          Pyroptosis was long regarded as caspase-1-mediated monocyte death in response to certain bacterial insults. Caspase-1 is activated upon various infectious and immunological challenges through different inflammasomes. The discovery of caspase-11/4/5 function in sensing intracellular lipopolysaccharide expands the spectrum of pyroptosis mediators and also reveals that pyroptosis is not cell type specific. Recent studies identified the pyroptosis executioner, gasdermin D (GSDMD), a substrate of both caspase-1 and caspase-11/4/5. GSDMD represents a large gasdermin family bearing a novel membrane pore-forming activity. Thus, pyroptosis is redefined as gasdermin-mediated programmed necrosis. Gasdermins are associated with various genetic diseases, but their cellular function and mechanism of activation (except for GSDMD) are unknown. The gasdermin family suggests a new area of research on pyroptosis function in immunity, disease, and beyond.
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            The inflammasome: a molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-beta.

            Generation of Interleukin (IL)-1beta via cleavage of its proform requires the activity of caspase-1 (and caspase-11 in mice), but the mechanism involved in the activation of the proinflammatory caspases remains elusive. Here we report the identification of a caspase-activating complex that we call the inflammasome. The inflammasome comprises caspase-1, caspase-5, Pycard/Asc, and NALP1, a Pyrin domain-containing protein sharing structural homology with NODs. Using a cell-free system, we show that proinflammatory caspase activation and proIL-1beta processing is lost upon prior immunodepletion of Pycard. Moreover, expression of a dominant-negative form of Pycard in differentiated THP-1 cells blocks proIL-1beta maturation and activation of inflammatory caspases induced by LPS in vivo. Thus, the inflammasome constitutes an important arm of the innate immunity.
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              Molecular mechanisms and functions of pyroptosis, inflammatory caspases and inflammasomes in infectious diseases.

              Cell death is a fundamental biological phenomenon that is essential for the survival and development of an organism. Emerging evidence also indicates that cell death contributes to immune defense against infectious diseases. Pyroptosis is a form of inflammatory programmed cell death pathway activated by human and mouse caspase-1, human caspase-4 and caspase-5, or mouse caspase-11. These inflammatory caspases are used by the host to control bacterial, viral, fungal, or protozoan pathogens. Pyroptosis requires cleavage and activation of the pore-forming effector protein gasdermin D by inflammatory caspases. Physical rupture of the cell causes release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, alarmins and endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns, signifying the inflammatory potential of pyroptosis. Here, we describe the central role of inflammatory caspases and pyroptosis in mediating immunity to infection and clearance of pathogens.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Bioengineered
                Bioengineered
                Bioengineered
                Taylor & Francis
                2165-5979
                2165-5987
                19 February 2022
                2022
                19 February 2022
                : 13
                : 3
                : 6036-6047
                Affiliations
                [0001]Department of Orthopedics, Air Force Medical Center of Pla; , Beijing, Haidian District, China
                Author notes
                CONTACT Junjie Du drdujunjie@ 123456hotmail.com Air Force Medical Center of Pla; 30, Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, Haidian District, 100142, China
                [#]

                These authors contributed equally.

                Article
                2043100
                10.1080/21655979.2022.2043100
                8974084
                35184666
                36cb842b-891d-405e-ba84-b5f0c2775898
                © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 6, References: 50, Pages: 12
                Categories
                Research Article
                Research Paper

                Biomedical engineering
                intervertebral disc degeneration,linc00917,pyroptosis,inflammation
                Biomedical engineering
                intervertebral disc degeneration, linc00917, pyroptosis, inflammation

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