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      Causes of hospitalization in the USA between 2005 and 2018

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          Abstract

          In this report, we identify the 10 most common causes of hospitalizations in the USA in 2005–2018 using the discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample database. We show that sepsis has been the leading cause of hospitalizations in the USA followed by heart failure, which has consistently been within the three most common causes of hospitalizations since 2005. In addition, we show a high burden of cardiovascular diseases as a cause of hospitalization over the study period with a consistent presence of cardiac arrhythmias as one of the top 10 causes of hospitalizations in the USA and emergence of acute myocardial infarction as one of the top 10 causes after 2014.

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          Graphical Abstract

          Most common causes of hospitalizations between 2005 and 2018.

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          Diabetes and Arrhythmias: Pathophysiology, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Outcomes

          Laurel Grisanti (2018)
          The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing and closely associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. While the major cardiovascular complication associated with diabetes is coronary artery disease, it is becoming increasingly apparent that diabetes impacts the electrical conduction system in the heart, resulting in atrial fibrillation, and ventricular arrhythmias. The relationship between diabetes and arrhythmias is complex and multifactorial including autonomic dysfunction, atrial and ventricular remodeling and molecular alterations. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the link between diabetes and arrhythmias with insight into the common molecular mechanisms, structural alterations and therapeutic outcomes.
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            National Trends in Heart Failure Hospitalizations and Readmissions From 2010 to 2017

            Manyoo A. Agarwal, Gregg C. Fonarow, Boback Ziaeian (2021)
            Article 0 comments Cited 44 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              The Economic Consequences of Hospital Admissions.

              Carlos Dobkin, Amy Finkelstein, Raymond Kluender … (2018)
              We use an event study approach to examine the economic consequences of hospital admissions for adults in two datasets: survey data from the Health and Retirement Study, and hospitalization data linked to credit reports. For non-elderly adults with health insurance, hospital admissions increase out-of-pocket medical spending, unpaid medical bills, and bankruptcy, and reduce earnings, income, access to credit, and consumer borrowing. The earnings decline is substantial compared to the out-of-pocket spending increase, and is minimally insured prior to age-eligibility for Social Security Retirement Income. Relative to the insured non-elderly, the uninsured non-elderly experience much larger increases in unpaid medical bills and bankruptcy rates following a hospital admission. Hospital admissions trigger fewer than 5 percent of all bankruptcies in our sample.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Eur Heart J Open
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Eur Heart J Open
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ehjopen
                Title: European Heart Journal Open
                Publisher: Oxford University Press
                ISSN (Electronic): 2752-4191
                Publication date Collection: August 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 June 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 15 June 2021
                Volume: 1
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: oeab001
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
                [2 ] Department of Medicine, Forrest General Hospital , 6051 US 49, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, USA
                [3 ] Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi , 2500 N. State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
                [4 ] Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University Texas Southwestern, and Parkland Health and Hospital System , 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
                [5 ] Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , 1800 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
                [6 ] Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University , 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27710, USA
                [7 ] Duke Clinical Research Institute , 300 W Morgan St, Durham, NC 27701, USA
                Author notes
                [†]

                Husam M. Salah, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas are primary co-authors.

                Corresponding author. Tel: +1 919 684 1284, Fax: +1 919 613 5145, Email: marat.fudim@ 123456duke.edu
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9549-7907
                Article
                Publisher ID: oeab001
                DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeab001
                PMC ID: 9242058
                PubMed ID: 35919090
                SO-VID: 3a581d6b-2a0e-4742-a0aa-74d5621dc54a
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

                History
                Date received : 24 March 2021
                Date revision received : 03 April 2021
                Date accepted : 11 May 2021
                Date: 07 May 2021
                Date: 19 August 2021
                Page count
                Pages: 5
                Categories
                Subject: Short Report
                Subject: Epidemiology and Prevention
                Subject: AcademicSubjects/MED00200

                Keywords:  causes,most common,hospitalizations,sepsis,heart failure
                Data availability:
                Keywords:  causes, most common, hospitalizations, sepsis, heart failure

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