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      Transovarial Transmission of Heartland Virus by Invasive Asian Longhorned Ticks under Laboratory Conditions

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          Abstract

          We demonstrated experimental acquisition and transmission of Heartland bandavirus by Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks. Virus was detected in tick salivary gland and midgut tissues. A total of 80% of mice exposed to 1 infected tick seroconverted, suggesting horizontal transmission. H. longicornis ticks can transmit the virus in the transovarial mode.

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          Fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel bunyavirus in China.

          Xue-Jie Yu, Mi-Fang Liang, Shou-Yin Zhang … (2011)
          Heightened surveillance of acute febrile illness in China since 2009 has led to the identification of a severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) with an unknown cause. Infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum has been suggested as a cause, but the pathogen has not been detected in most patients on laboratory testing. We obtained blood samples from patients with the case definition of SFTS in six provinces in China. The blood samples were used to isolate the causal pathogen by inoculation of cell culture and for detection of viral RNA on polymerase-chain-reaction assay. The pathogen was characterized on electron microscopy and nucleic acid sequencing. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and neutralization testing to analyze the level of virus-specific antibody in patients' serum samples. We isolated a novel virus, designated SFTS bunyavirus, from patients who presented with fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and multiorgan dysfunction. RNA sequence analysis revealed that the virus was a newly identified member of the genus phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family. Electron-microscopical examination revealed virions with the morphologic characteristics of a bunyavirus. The presence of the virus was confirmed in 171 patients with SFTS from six provinces by detection of viral RNA, specific antibodies to the virus in blood, or both. Serologic assays showed a virus-specific immune response in all 35 pairs of serum samples collected from patients during the acute and convalescent phases of the illness. A novel phlebovirus was identified in patients with a life-threatening illness associated with fever and thrombocytopenia in China. (Funded by the China Mega-Project for Infectious Diseases and others.).
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            A new phlebovirus associated with severe febrile illness in Missouri.

            Laura K. McMullan, Scott Folk, Aubree J Kelly … (2012)
            Two men from northwestern Missouri independently presented to a medical facility with fever, fatigue, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia, and both had been bitten by ticks 5 to 7 days before the onset of illness. Ehrlichia chaffeensis was suspected as the causal agent but was not found on serologic analysis, polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay, or cell culture. Electron microscopy revealed viruses consistent with members of the Bunyaviridae family. Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis identified the viruses as novel members of the phlebovirus genus. Although Koch's postulates have not been completely fulfilled, we believe that this phlebovirus, which is novel in the Americas, is the cause of this clinical syndrome.
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              Discovery of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Parasitizing a Sheep in New Jersey, United States

              Tadhgh Rainey, James Occi, Richard G. Robbins … (2018)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): March 2022
                Volume: 28
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 726-729
                Affiliations
                [1]University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, USA
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Meghan E. Hermance, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 610 Clinic Dr, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; email: mhermance@ 123456southalabama.edu
                Article
                Publisher ID: 21-0973
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2803.210973
                PMC ID: 8888223
                PubMed ID: 35202534
                SO-VID: 3b866279-5250-44e9-8e87-c9537b2be686
                Copyright statement: Copyright @ 2022
                License:

                Preventing Chronic Disease is a publication of the U.S. Government. This publication is in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from this work may be reprinted freely. Use of these materials should be properly cited.

                History
                Categories
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Transovarial Transmission of Heartland Virus by Invasive Asian Longhorned Ticks under Laboratory Conditions

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: heartland virus,dabie bandavirus,haemaphysalis longicornis,ticks,invasive species,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus,tick-borne diseases,vector-borne infections,zoonoses
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: heartland virus, dabie bandavirus, haemaphysalis longicornis, ticks, invasive species, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, tick-borne diseases, vector-borne infections, zoonoses

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