Flavonoids and antioxidant activity of rare and endangered fern:  Isoetes sinensis

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Abstract

Isoetes sinensis Palmer is a critically endangered, first-class protected plant in China. Until now, researchers have primarily focused on the ultrastructure, phylogeny, and transcriptomes of the plant. However, flavonoid profiles and bioactivity of I. sinensis have not been extensively investigated. To develop the endangered I. sinensis for edible and medicinal purposes, flavonoid content, chemical constitution, and antioxidant activities were investigated in this study. Results revealed the following. 1) The total flavonoid content was determined as 10.74 ± 0.25 mg/g., 2) Antioxidant activities were stronger than most ferns, especially ABTS free radical scavenging activities. 3) Four flavones, containing apigenin, apigenin-7-glucuronide, acacetin-7-O-glcopyranoside, and homoplantageninisoetin; four flavonols, namely, isoetin, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-[6”-O-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)-β-D-glucopyranoside], and limocitrin-Neo; one prodelphinidin (procyanidins;) and one nothofagin (dihydrochalcone) were tentatively identified in the mass spectrometry-DAD (254nm) chromatograms. This study was the first to report on flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of I. sinensis. Stronger antioxidant activity and flavonoid content suggests that the endangered I. sinensis is an important and potentially edible and medicinal plant.

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Apigenin: A dietary flavonoid with diverse anticancer properties.

Josip Madunić, Ivana Madunić, Goran Gajski … (2018)

Apigenin is a natural flavonoid found in several dietary plant foods such as vegetables and fruits. A large number of studies conducted over the past years have shown that this particular natural compound has potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Therefore, apigenin has generated a great deal of interest as a possible chemotherapeutic modality due to its low intrinsic toxicity and remarkable effects on normal versus cancerous cells, compared with other structurally related flavonoids. Here, we review its role in anticancer research, as well as several cancer signalling pathways, including MAPK, PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways, and their specific role in different cancer types. Based on the available literature, the beneficial effects of apigenin as a future anticancer modality are promising but they require further in vitro and in vivo studies to enable its translation from bench to bedside.

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Hepatoprotective effects of kaempferol 3- O-rutinoside and kaempferol 3- O-glucoside from Carthamus tinctorius L. on CCl ₄-induced oxidative liver injury in mice

Yu. Wang, Changyun Tang, Hao Zhang (2014)

Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a traditional medicinal and edible herb with a long history of use in China. In this study, a model of hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) in mice was used to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of kaempferol 3- O -rutinoside (K-3-R) and kaempferol 3- O -glucoside (K-3-G), two kaempferol glycosides isolated from C. tinctorius L. K-3-R and K-3-G, at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, were given orally to male mice once/d for 7 days before they received CCl 4 intraperitoneally. Our results showed that K-3-R and K-3-G treatment increased the level of total protein (TP) and prevented the CCl 4 -induced increases in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Additionally, mice treated with K-3-R and K-3-G had significantly restored glutathione (GSH) levels and showed normal catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, compared to CCl 4 -treated mice. K-3-R and K-3-G also mitigated the CCl 4 -induced liver histological alteration, as indicated by histopathological evaluation. These findings demonstrate that K-3-R and K-3-G have protective effects against acute CCl 4 -induced oxidative liver damage.

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Evolution of Isoetalean Lycopsids

Kathleen Pigg (1992)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Xin Wang:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9679-7426

Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draft

Guohua Ding: Role: Writing – review & editing

Baodong Liu: Role: Funding acquisitionRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing

Quanxi Wang: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administrationRole: Funding acquisition

Mohammad Ansari: Role: Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE

Journal ID (publisher-id): plos

Journal ID (pmc): plosone

Title: PLoS ONE

Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )

ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203

Publication date (Electronic): 12 May 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 15

Issue: 5

Electronic Location Identifier: e0232185

Affiliations

[1 ] College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China

[2 ] College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China

[3 ] Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China

University of Delhi, INDIA

Author notes

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

* E-mail: guohuading@ 123456126.com (GD); 99bd@ 123456163.com (BL)

Author information

Xin Wang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9679-7426

Article

Publisher ID: PONE-D-19-28250

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232185

PMC ID: 7217435

PubMed ID: 32396536

SO-VID: 3c278fcc-51a7-4023-b8de-c74c082d2a55

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

History

Date received : 15 October 2019

Date accepted : 8 April 2020

Page count

Figures: 6, Tables: 1, Pages: 12

Funding

The work was sponsored by Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources (No. 17DZ2252700). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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