Extraction of giant bladder calcium oxalate stone: A case report

Highlights

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  Hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria and a low urine calcium–oxalate ratio are involved in calcium oxalate monohydrate stone.

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  For large-sized bladder stones, all the reports have recommended open cystolithotomy.

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  Hyperoxaluria, and low urinary pH may promote the stone formation.

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  Containment of animal protein and salt can reduce the relative risk of stone.

Abstract

Introduction

Bladder stone is a rare and ancient disease. Nowadays new technologies have been developed in the effort to make less invasive stone treatment. Bladder calculi account for 5% of urinary calculi.

Presentation of case

A 52-year-old male patient with symptoms of lower abdominal pain, dysuria and pollakiuria was admitted. Urinalysis showed that pH5.0 and presence of calcium oxalate crystals and leukocyturia but erthrocyturia and nitrite were absent. Abdominal ultrasonogry revealed hydronephrosis, thickened bladder wall and large single stone. Plain radiography showed a large bladder stone measuring 12 × 10 cm.

Discussion

In our case 1 extremely large bladder calculus occupied most of the bladder and pressing on the orifices of the ureters, leading to the presence of hydronephrosis. For large-sized bladder stones, all the reports have recommended open cystolithotomy.

Conclusion

The combination of improved nutrition and modern antibiotic treatment has to be led to the frequency of bladder lithiasis. Calcium intake shouldn’t be restricted, whereas oxalate, sodium, and protein intakes have to be limited.