Plaquetas e hipertensión arterial durante el posparto

Abstract

Objetivo: Determinar el contaje plaquetario posparto en preclampsia, eclampsia e hipertensión arterial crónica con preeclampsia sobreañadida. Método: Se cuantificaron las plaquetas pre y posparto de las gestantes ingresadas se repitieron cada 12 horas hasta normalizarse el reporte de trombocitopenia (< 150 000 x mm3). Ambiente: Maternidad del Hospital Central "Dr. Urquinaona". Maracaibo, Estado Zulia. Resultados: Hubo 85 pacientes admitidas; 21 con preeclampsia severa, 10 con eclampsia y 19 con hipertensión arterial crónica con preeclampsia sobreañadida. Ventiún pacientes presentaron trombocitopenia preparto, a las 12, 24, 36 y 48 horas posparto el contaje plaquetario continuaba bajo en 13, 9, 3 y 2 pacientes respectivamente, no hubo trombocitopenia a las 60 horas. Conclusión: La trombocitopenia asociada a la preeclampsia, eclampsia e hipertensión arterial crónica con preeclampsia sobreañadida se normalizó a las 48 horas posparto, por lo que se sugiere practicar controles de contajes plaquetarios cada 12 horas posparto, para vigilar la evolución y determinar el pronóstico de estas pacientes

Translated abstract

Objective: To determine the postpartum platelet count in preeclampsia, eclampsia and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. Method: Prepartum and postpartum platelet counts were investigated; when thrombocytopenia was reported (< 150 000 x mm3), it was monitored every 12 hours until reaching normal values. Setting: Hospital Central "Dr. Urquinaona", Maracaibo - Zulia. Results: Eighty five patients were studied. There were 21 patients with mild preeclampsia, 35 with severe preeclampsia, 10 with eclampsia and 19 with chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. Twenty one patients presented prepartum thrombocytopenia; at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours postpartum the levels remained low in 13, 9, 3 and 2 patients respectively, there was no thrombocytopenia at 60 hours. Conclusion: The thrombocytopenia associated with preeclampsia, eclampsia and chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia was normalized at 48 hours postpartum. We recommend platelets counts every 12 hours to follow up its evolution and the prognosis of these patients