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      Colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica -CPRE- en pacientes embarazadas: Experiencia de 12 años en una Unidad de Endoscopia Terapéutica. Manizales, Colombia 1995-2007 Translated title: ERCP in Pregnant patients. Twelve Year Experience in a Therapeutic Endoscopy Unit: Manizales, Colombia 1995-2007

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          Abstract

          Estudio de pacientes embarazadas que requirieron de una colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica -CPRE- en los últimos 12 años en Manizales. Se encontraron 26 pacientes a quienes se les practicaron 27 procedimientos. Las indicaciones fueron ictericia de tipo obstructivo y sospecha alta de coledocolitiasis por ecografía y laboratorio, en pacientes sintomáticas. El promedio de edad de las pacientes fue de 28,4 años y la edad gestacional al momento del examen de 20,9 semanas. Se logró completar el procedimiento en 25 pacientes en un primer intento y en una paciente en el segundo. Se practicaron 23 esfinterotomías. De 14 pacientes con coledocolitiasis se logró limpiar la vía biliar en 13 y en una se utilizó una endoprótesis para evitar síntomas durante el embarazo. Otra paciente necesitó una endoprótesis por estenosis de la bifurcación de los hepáticos secundaria a colangitis esclerosante primaria. Cuatro pacientes se presentaron con pancreatitis biliar; en dos se encontraron cálculos, a todas se les realizó una esfinterotomía y no hubo recurrencia de la pancreatitis en ninguna. El promedio de fluoroscopia fue de 0,9 minutos, se utilizó protección abdominal y no se tomaron radiografías. En 20 pacientes en quienes se logró seguimiento, el embarazo llegó a término en 18, con nacimiento de niños sanos. Dos pacientes presentaron óbito fetal en el tercer trimestre del embarazo por complicaciones no relacionadas con el procedimiento, ambas habían tenido una exploración de vías biliares antes de la CPRE. Conclusión: La CPRE terapéutica es una alternativa de tratamiento eficaz y seguro para la coledocolitiasis en pacientes embarazadas.

          Translated abstract

          We retrospectively reviewed the records of pregnant patients who required an ERCP, Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography, during the last 12 years in Manizales, Colombia. Twenty seven procedures were done in 26 patients. The indication was obstructive jaundice and a high suspicion of choledocholithiasis based on ultrasound findings and laboratory results, in symptomatic patients. The average age was 28.4 years. The mean duration of gestation was 20.9 weeks. One procedure was required in 25 patients and two in one. Of fourteen patients had choledocholithiasis, thirteen had their stones removed. In the one patient in whom the stones could not be removed, a stent was placed as a temporary measure during pregnancy. Another patient required a stent for a dominant stricture due to primary sclerosing cholangitis. In four patients the indication was biliary pancreatitis; in two, stones were found and extracted and all had a sphincterotomy. There was no recurrence of pancreatitis in these 4 patients. Mean fluoroscopy time was 0.9 minutes. Abdominal protection was used and hard copy radiographs were not taken. Follow up was possible in 20 patients. Eighteen had healthy babies on delivery, and two had fetal death after premature delivery in the third trimester, not related to the ERCP procedure, both had surgery with common bile duct exploration before the ERCP. Therapeutic ERCP is a safe alternative in pregnant patients for the treatment of Choledocholithiasis.

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          Most cited references18

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          The fetal safety and clinical efficacy of gastrointestinal endoscopy during pregnancy.

          M Cappell (2003)
          More than 12,000 pregnant patients in the United States per annum have conditions that are normally evaluated by EGD. More than 6000 pregnant patients in the United States per annum have conditions that are normally evaluated by sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. About one thousand more have symptomatic choledocholithiasis during pregnancy, which is a strong indication for endoscopic sphincterotomy in nonpregnant patients. Endoscopy during pregnancy raises the unique issue of fetal safety. Endoscopic medications comprise a significant component of fetal endoscopic risks. Safety of EGD during pregnancy has been examined in a case-controlled study of 83 patients, a mailed survey of 73 patients, and 28 case reports. Safety of sigmoidoscopy during pregnancy has been examined in a case-controlled study of 46 patients, a mailed survey of 13 patients, and 10 case reports. Safety of therapeutic ERCP during pregnancy has been analyzed in studies of 23, 10, 6, and 5 patients, and in 32 case reports. These studies suggested that EGD, sigmoidoscopy, and ERCP should be performed when strongly indicated: EGD for significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding, sigmoidoscopy for nonhemorrhoidal rectal bleeding, and ERCP for symptomatic choledocholithiasis when sphincterotomy is contemplated. PEG and colonoscopy are currently considered experimental during pregnancy because of insufficient data on fetal safety. Several cases of PEG and colonoscopy were successfully performed during pregnancy. Performance of endoscopy during pregnancy should increase with further technical refinements, and greater awareness of procedure safety.
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            ASGE Guideline: Guidelines for endoscopy in pregnant and lactating women.

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              • Record: found
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              Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in pregnancy without the use of radiation.

              Biliary disease in pregnancy is a relatively uncommon condition; the diagnosis of this condition is not standardized. Furthermore, the use of radiographic imaging studies and therapeutic approaches in pregnancy is limited because of the possibility of fetal exposure.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcg
                Revista Colombiana de Gastroenterologia
                Rev Col Gastroenterol
                Asociación Colombiana de Gastroenterología (Bogotá )
                0120-9957
                September 2008
                : 23
                : 3
                : 224-231
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Hospital de Caldas Colombia
                [2 ] Fundación Universitaria Clínica Santa Catalina Colombia
                [3 ] Universidad de Caldas Colombia
                Article
                S0120-99572008000300006
                461bbcd3-e1c8-434e-b515-a9b3cc4f95ed

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-9957&lng=en
                Categories
                GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

                Gastroenterology & Hepatology
                Biliary Stents,Cholelithiasis,Choledocholithiasis and Pregnancy,ERCP,Therapeutic Endoscopy,Colelitiasis,coledocolitiasis y embarazo,CPRE,endoprótesis biliar,endoscopia terapéutica

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