Biomarkers for cancer-associated fibroblasts

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Abstract

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the key component of tumor stromal. High heterogeneity of CAFs reflects in their origin, phenotype and function. Biological function which can be suggested by biomarkers of distinct CAF subgroups may be different, even opposite, just like water and fire. Identifying CAF subpopulations expressing different biomarkers and reconciling the relationship of the “water and fire” among distinct CAF subsets may be a breakthrough in tumor therapy. Herein, we briefly summarize the biomarkers commonly used or newly identified for distinct CAFs in terms of their features and potential clinical benefits.

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A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts

Erik Sahai, Igor Astsaturov, Edna Cukierman … (2020)

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a key component of the tumour microenvironment with diverse functions, including matrix deposition and remodelling, extensive reciprocal signalling interactions with cancer cells and crosstalk with infiltrating leukocytes. As such, they are a potential target for optimizing therapeutic strategies against cancer. However, many challenges are present in ongoing attempts to modulate CAFs for therapeutic benefit. These include limitations in our understanding of the origin of CAFs and heterogeneity in CAF function, with it being desirable to retain some antitumorigenic functions. On the basis of a meeting of experts in the field of CAF biology, we summarize in this Consensus Statement our current knowledge and present a framework for advancing our understanding of this critical cell type within the tumour microenvironment.

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The biology and function of fibroblasts in cancer.

Raghu Kalluri (2016)

Among all cells, fibroblasts could be considered the cockroaches of the human body. They survive severe stress that is usually lethal to all other cells, and they are the only normal cell type that can be live-cultured from post-mortem and decaying tissue. Their resilient adaptation may reside in their intrinsic survival programmes and cellular plasticity. Cancer is associated with fibroblasts at all stages of disease progression, including metastasis, and they are a considerable component of the general host response to tissue damage caused by cancer cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) become synthetic machines that produce many different tumour components. CAFs have a role in creating extracellular matrix (ECM) structure and metabolic and immune reprogramming of the tumour microenvironment with an impact on adaptive resistance to chemotherapy. The pleiotropic actions of CAFs on tumour cells are probably reflective of them being a heterogeneous and plastic population with context-dependent influence on cancer.

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Distinct populations of inflammatory fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in pancreatic cancer

Daniel Öhlund, Abram Handly-Santana, Giulia Biffi … (2017)

Öhlund et al. develop a three-dimensional co-culture platform of neoplastic pancreatic ductal organoids and pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) to characterize the dynamic crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal cells, and to address stromal heterogeneity. The co-cultures reveal the co-existence of two phenotypically distinct populations of PSCs, providing insights into PDA biology and prompting a reconsideration of interventional strategies.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Rong Yin: rong_yin@njmu.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomark Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomark Res

Title: Biomarker Research

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 2050-7771

Publication date (Electronic): 11 November 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 11 November 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 8

Electronic Location Identifier: 64

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.89957.3a, ISNI 0000 0000 9255 8984, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, ; Nanjing, China

[2 ]GRID grid.89957.3a, ISNI 0000 0000 9255 8984, Department of Science and technology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Cancer Research, ; Nanjing, China

[3 ]Biobank of Lung Cancer, Jiangsu Biobank of Clinical Resources, Nanjing, China

[4 ]GRID grid.89957.3a, ISNI 0000 0000 9255 8984, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, , Nanjing Medical University, ; Nanjing, China

Article

Publisher ID: 245

DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00245-w

PMC ID: 7661188

PubMed ID: 33292666

SO-VID: 467d453a-b7b4-479e-9244-960bd858fe93

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 9 September 2020

Date accepted : 1 November 2020

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;

Award ID: 81872378

Award ID: 81672295

Award ID: 81802277

Award Recipient : Tongyan Liu Rong Yin

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010031, Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China;

Award ID: 2018M642198

Award Recipient : Tongyan Liu

Funded by: The Project of Jiangsu Provincial Medical Talent

Award ID: ZDRCA2016033

Award Recipient : Rong Yin

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Keywords: biomarker,cancer-associated fibroblasts,heterogeneity

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Keywords: biomarker, cancer-associated fibroblasts, heterogeneity

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Biomarkers for cancer-associated fibroblasts

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Journal of Circulating Biomarkers

Most cited references 61

A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts

The biology and function of fibroblasts in cancer.

Distinct populations of inflammatory fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in pancreatic cancer

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Cited by 83

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