Computer algorithms for three-dimensional measurement of humeral anatomy: analysis of 140 paired humeri.

Abstract

In the presence of severe osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, or proximal humeral fracture, the contralateral humerus may serve as a template for the 3-dimensional (3D) preoperative planning of reconstructive surgery. The purpose of this study was to develop algorithms for performing 3D measurements of the humeral anatomy and further to assess side-to-side (bilateral) differences in humeral head retrotorsion, humeral head inclination, humeral length, and humeral head radius and height.