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      Estudio preliminar sobre la inhibición in vitro de nematodos gastrointestinales de ovinos con extractos acuosos de plantas forrajeras Translated title: Preliminary study on the in vitro inhibition of gastrointestinal nematodes from sheep with aqueous extracts of forage plants

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: La alta presencia de nematodos gastrointestinales (ngi) en ovinos, es una causa de baja productividad. El objetivo fue determinar de forma preliminar la eficiencia in vitro de extractos acuosos de Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Guazuma ulmifolia y Bursera simaruba a tres dosis (0.75, 1.00 y 1.25 mL), en la inhibición de la eclosión de huevos de ngi de ovinos. Se evaluó la eficiencia de inhibición en la eclosión de huevos (EIH), identificación y proporción de géneros de larvas. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante pruebas de Chi cuadrada y análisis de varianza. Los cuatro extractos obtuvieron una EIH del 50%, siendo similares (p > 0.05) entre ellos. La dosis de 1.25 mL y las combinaciones de Leucaena leucocephala y Gliricidia sepium a dosis de 1.25 mL obtuvieron mayor eficiencia (68.0, 85.0 y 77.0%, respectivamente). Se identificaron cinco géneros de larvas (Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Cooperia spp., y Nematodirus spp.), siendo el de mayor (p ≤ 0.05) prevalencia Haemonchus spp. (58.0%). Los cuatro extractos acuosos exhibieron actividad ovicida de ngi. No obstante, la dosis de 1.25 mL y los extractos de Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium a dosis de 1.25 mL fueron los más eficaces.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The presence of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in sheep is a low productivity cause. This study aimed to determine the in vitro efficiency of Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Guazuma ulmifolia, and Bursera simaruba aqueous extracts at three different doses (0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 mL), inhibiting the egg hatching of GIN from sheep. The inhibition efficiency in egg hatching (IEH), larval identification, and its genera proportion were evaluated. Analysis of data was performed using Chi-square tests and analysis of variance. The four extracts obtained an IEH of 50%, being similar (p > 0.05) between them. The 1.25 mL dose and its combinations of Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium at 1.25 mL dose obtained the highest efficiency (68.0, 85.0, and 77.0%, respectively). Five genera of larva were identified (Haemonchus spp, Trichostrongylus spp, Oesophagostomum spp, Cooperia spp, and Nematodirus spp). The highest prevalence (p ≤ 0.05) was obtained by Haemonchus spp (58.0%). According to the results, the four aqueous extracts exhibited ovicidal activity (GIN). However, the 1.25 mL dose and the Leucaena leucocephala, Gliricidia sepium extracts at 1.25 mL doses were the most effective.

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          Most cited references35

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          The effects of tannin-rich plants on parasitic nematodes in ruminants.

          Apart from the obvious role of plants in herbivore nutrition, they are also a rich source of bioactive products that can operate either to the benefit or the detriment of grazing animals. Here, we review the available evidence for the potential beneficial effects that plant-derived bioactive substances can have on gastrointestinal parasites. Tannin-rich plants have attracted most attention for their effect on internal nematodes in ruminants. These plants could act through direct antiparasitic activity but might also act indirectly by increasing host resistance. The effects vary with the species of plant, parasite and host. More research is required to understand better the mechanisms of action, and therefore make more pertinent use of these bioactive plants in livestock systems.
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            Gravimetric determination of tannins and their correlations with chemical and protein precipitation methods

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              Potential economic impact assessment for cattle parasites in Mexico. Review

              ABSTRACT Here, economic losses caused by cattle parasites in Mexico were estimated on an annual basis. The main factors taken into consideration for this assessment included the total number of animals at risk, potential detrimental effects of parasitism on milk production or weight gain, and records of condemnation on livestock byproducts. Estimates in US dollars (US$) were based on reported yield losses in untreated animals. These estimates reflect the major effects on cattle productivity of six parasites, or parasite group. The potential economic impact (US\(millions) was: gastrointestinal nematodes US\) 445.10; coccidia (Eimeria spp.) US\(23.78; liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) US\) 130.91; cattle tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) US\(573.61; horn fly (Haematobia irritans) US\) 231.67; and stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) US\(6.79. Overall, the yearly economic loss due to the six major parasites of cattle in Mexico was estimated to be US\) 1.41 billion. Considering that the national cattle herd registered in 2013 included 32.40 million head, the estimated yearly loss per head was US$ 43.57. The limitations of some of the baseline studies used to develop these estimates, particularly when extrapolated from local situations to a national scale, are acknowledged. However, the general picture obtained from the present effort demonstrates the magnitude and importance of cattle parasitism in Mexico and the challenges to maximize profitability by the livestock industry without adapting sustainable and integrated parasite control strategies.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                av
                Abanico veterinario
                Abanico vet
                Sergio Martínez González (Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico )
                2007-428X
                2448-6132
                December 2021
                : 11
                : e402
                Affiliations
                [1] Champotón orgnameColegio de Postgraduados Mexico
                [2] Champotón orgnameColegio de Postgraduados Mexico
                [3] Irapuato orgnameUniversidad de Guanajuato orgdiv1Departamento de Veterinaria y Zootecnia Mexico
                Article
                S2448-61322021000100402 S2448-6132(21)01100000402
                10.21929/abavet2021.10
                4a4f25ed-b283-426d-9726-d97510e2330d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 September 2020
                : 02 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Notas cortas

                eclosión de huevos,plantas antihelmínticas,Parásitos gastrointestinales,egg hatching,anthelmintic plants,Gastrointestinal parasites

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