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      Respuesta inmune humoral y celular a la vacuna Brucella abortus cepa RB51 en vaquillas en pastoreo suplementadas con selenio y α-tocoferol Translated title: Humoral and cellular immune response to Brucella abortus strain RB51 vaccine in grazing heifers supplemented with selenium and α-tocopherol

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          Abstract

          Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de una suplementación con selenio y α-tocoferol sobre la respuesta inmune a la vacuna Brucella abortus cepa RB51, se emplearon cuatro grupos de seis vaquillas en pastoreo. Tres meses previo al inicio del ensayo, los grupos Se-T y Se fueron suplementados en dosis única con selenato de bario (1 mg selenio/kg peso vivo) y los grupos Se-T y T con 500 UI de α-tocoferol/100 kg cada dos meses. El grupo C fue mantenido sin suplementación. Una vez establecidas las diferencias en el balance metabólico en los grupos, el ensayo se inició con la administración de la vacuna RB51. De cada vaquilla se obtuvieron muestras de sangre con heparina y sin aditivo con la finalidad de determinar la actividad sanguínea de glutatión peroxidasa (GPx) y las concentraciones plasmáticas de colesterol y α-tocoferol. La respuesta inmune humoral se evaluó mediante ELISA y la respuesta inmune celular mediante una prueba de intradermorreacción a antígenos de B. abortus. Las diferencias entre grupos se evaluaron mediante las pruebas ANDEVA de medidas repetidas, t de muestras pareadas y Kruskal-Wallis. Se consideró significativo cuando el valor de P fue menor a 0,05. La suplementación con selenio y α-tocoferol estableció diferencias entre grupos (P < 0,05). La respuesta inmune humoral y la respuesta celular a la vacuna RB51 fue menor en el grupo T (P < 0,05). Es posible concluir que la respuesta inmune celular y humoral puede ser modulada negativamente por la concentración plasmática de α-tocoferol al momento de la inmunización.

          Translated abstract

          In order to evaluate the effect of selenium and α-tocopherol supplementation on the immune response to Brucella abortus strain RB51, four groups of six grazing heifers were used. Three months before the start of the trial, the groups Se-T and Se were supplemented in single dose with barium selenate (1 mg selenium/kg body weigth) and groups Se-T and T were supplemented with 500 IU α-tocopherol/100 kg each two months. Group C was maintained without supplementation. Once established differences in metabolic balance groups, the trial began with the RB51 vaccine administration. Blood samples with heparin and without additive were obtained from each cow for the determining blood activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and plasma concentration of cholesterol and α-tocopherol. The humoral immune response was evaluated by ELISA and the cellular immune response by an intradermal test antigen of B. abortus. Differences between groups were evaluated by tests repeated measures ANOVA, paired samples t and Kruskal-Wallis. It was considered significant when the P value was less than 0.05. Supplementation with selenium and α-tocopherol established differences between groups (P < 0.05). The humoral immune response and cellular response to RB51 vaccine was lower in group T (P < 0.05). It is possible to conclude that humoral and cellular immune response to the vaccine RB51 can be negatively modulated by plasma α-tocopherol concentration at the immunization.

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          Role of antioxidants and trace elements in health and immunity of transition dairy cows.

          A number of antioxidants and trace minerals have important roles in immune function and may affect health in transition dairy cows. Vitamin E and beta-carotene are important cellular antioxidants. Selenium (Se) is involved in the antioxidant system via its role in the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Inadequate dietary vitamin E or Se decreases neutrophil function during the perpariturient period. Supplementation of vitamin E and/or Se has reduced the incidence of mastitis and retained placenta, and reduced duration of clinical symptoms of mastitis in some experiments. Research has indicated that beta-carotene supplementation may enhance immunity and reduce the incidence of retained placenta and metritis in dairy cows. Marginal copper deficiency resulted in reduced neutrophil killing and decreased interferon production by mononuclear cells. Copper supplementation of a diet marginal in copper reduced the peak clinical response during experimental Escherichia coli mastitis. Limited research indicated that chromium supplementation during the transition period may increase immunity and reduce the incidence of retained placenta.
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            Role of selenium-containing proteins in T-cell and macrophage function.

            Selenium (Se) has been known for many years to have played a role in boosting the immune function, but the manner in which this element acts at the molecular level in host defence and inflammatory diseases is poorly understood. To elucidate the role of Se-containing proteins in the immune function, we knocked out the expression of this protein class in T-cells or macrophages of mice by targeting the removal of the selenocysteine tRNA gene using loxP-Cre technology. Mice with selenoprotein-less T-cells manifested reduced pools of mature and functional T-cells in lymphoid tissues and an impairment in T-cell-dependent antibody responses. Furthermore, selenoprotein deficiency in T-cells led to an inability of these cells to suppress reactive oxygen species production, which in turn affected their ability to proliferate in response to T-cell receptor stimulation. Selenoprotein-less macrophages, on the other hand, manifested mostly normal inflammatory responses, but this deficiency resulted in an altered regulation in extracellular matrix-related gene expression and a diminished migration of macrophages in a protein gel matrix. These observations provided novel insights into the role of selenoproteins in the immune function and tissue homeostasis.
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              Selenoproteins mediate T cell immunity through an antioxidant mechanism.

              Selenium is an essential dietary element with antioxidant roles in immune regulation, but there is little understanding of how this element acts at the molecular level in host defense and inflammatory disease. Selenium is incorporated into the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec), which in turn is inserted into selenoproteins in a manner dependent on Sec tRNA([Ser]Sec). To investigate the molecular mechanism that links selenium to T cell immunity, we generated mice with selenoprotein-less T cells by cell type-specific ablation of the Sec tRNA([Ser]Sec) gene (trsp). Herein, we show that these mutant mice exhibit decreased pools of mature T cells and a defect in T cell-dependent antibody responses. We also demonstrate that selenoprotein deficiency leads to oxidant hyperproduction in T cells and thereby suppresses T cell proliferation in response to T cell receptor stimulation. These findings offer novel insights into immune function of selenium and physiological antioxidants.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                amv
                Archivos de medicina veterinaria
                Arch. med. vet.
                Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile (Valdivia, , Chile )
                0301-732X
                2015
                : 47
                : 2
                : 139-145
                Affiliations
                [02] Temuco orgnameUniversidad Católica de Temuco orgdiv1Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria Chile
                [01] Valdivia orgnameUniversidad Austral de Chile orgdiv1Instituto de Inmunología Chile vleyan@ 123456uach.cl
                Article
                S0301-732X2015000200003 S0301-732X(15)04700200003
                4b55a3d0-c7d5-4939-a23d-cd7c21609eb3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 7
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                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICULOS ORIGINALES

                immune response,selenium,α-tocopherol,Brucella abortus,respuesta inmune,selenio,α-tocoferol

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