Epidemiological characteristics of hospital admission cases with chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province, 2016-2020

Abstract

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hospital admission cases with chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020.

Methods Data of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020 were collected through Guangdong Province Health Statistics Network Reporting System, and descriptive analysis was conducted. The seasonal characteristics of the number of hospitalized poisoning cases were analyzed by the concentration method, the seasonal index ( SI) was calculated by the weighted annual ratio averaging method, and the spatial auto-correlation of regional poisoning trend was analyzed by the global and local spatial autocorrelation.

Results From 2016 to 2020, the number of hospital admissions for chemical poisoning in Guangdong Province was 54 656, showing a general decreasing trend. The sex ratio (male to female) was 0.90:1.00. The top three types of hospitalization rates were carbon monoxide poisoning, alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The main poisoning groups were students and children, farmers, workers and unemployed people, accounting for 31.74%, 18.53%, 13.91% and 10.39%, respectively. The 74.37% of poisoning cases were cured or improved and discharged, and the case fatality rate was 0.48%. The top three hospitalization rates in age group of 0-<5 years were organic solvent, metal and carbon monoxide poisoning. The hospitalization rate of carbon monoxide poisoning ranked the first among all age groups of ≥5 years. The top three regions with the highest average annual hospitalization rate were Shaoguan City (25.14/10 ⁵), Qingyuan City (17.04/10 ⁵) and Meizhou City (16.09/10 ⁵). Carbon monoxide poisoning had a strong seasonality ( M=0.77), with high incidence months of January, February and December ( SI were 3.60, 3.08 and 2.48, respectively). The inpatients with chemical poisoning showed non-random distribution and spatial correlation (all P<0.01), with a high-high clustering among 13 districts and counties in northern Guangdong (all P<0.05).

Conclusion The number of hospital admission cases of chemical poisoning showed an overall decreasing trend in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2020. The main types of poisoning were carbon monoxide poisoning, alcohol poisoning and organic solvent poisoning. The spatial distribution of chemical poisoning types showed spatial correlation and there were high-high clustering areas.

Abstract

摘要： 目的 分析广东省 2016—2020 年化学品中毒住院病例的流行病学特征。 方法 通过“广东省卫生健康统计信息 网络直报系统”收集广东省 2016—2020 年化学品中毒住院病例资料, 进行描述性分析;以集中度法分析中毒住院病例数 量的季节性特征, 以加权后的全年比率平均法计算季节指数 ( SI), 以全局和局部空间自相关分析对地区中毒趋势的空间 相关性。 结果 广东省 2016—2020 年化学品中毒住院病例为 54 656 例, 住院病例数量总体呈下降趋势;男女性别比为 0.90:1.00; —氧化碳中毒、醇类中毒和有机溶剂中毒住院率居前 3 位;主要中毒人群为学生及儿童、农民、工人和无业人 员, 分别占 31.74%、18.53%、13.91% 和 10.39%; 74.37% 的中毒病例治愈或好转出院, 病死率为 0.48%。住院率在 0~<5 岁 年龄组居前 3 位的依次为有机溶剂、金属和一氧化碳中毒;一氧化碳中毒住院率在 ≥5 岁的各年龄组均居于第 1 位。年平 均住院率居前 3 位的地区为韶关市 (25.14/10万)、清远市 (17.04/10万) 和梅州市 (16.09/10万); 一氧化碳中毒具有很强的 季节性(集中度 M 值为 0.77), 髙发月份为 1、2 和 12 月 (沿分别为 3.60、3.08、2.48)。化学品中毒住院病例呈非随机分布且 具有空间相关性( P 值均<0.01), 在粵北地区 13 个区县间呈髙-髙聚集 ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 广东省 2016—2020 年化学 品中毒住院病例数量总体呈下降趋势, 主要类型为一氧化碳中毒、醇类中毒和有机溶剂中毒;化学品中毒类型在空间分 布上呈空间相关性, 且存在髙-髙聚集区。