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      Zika Virus Seroprevalence, French Polynesia, 2014–2015

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          Abstract

          During 2013–2014, French Polynesia experienced an outbreak of Zika virus infection. Serosurveys conducted at the end of the outbreak and 18 months later showed lower than expected disease prevalence rates (49%) and asymptomatic:symptomatic case ratios (1:1) in the general population but significantly different prevalence rates (66%) and asymptomatic:symptomatic ratios (1:2) in schoolchildren.

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          Human antibody responses after dengue virus infection are highly cross-reactive to Zika virus.

          Lalita Priyamvada, Kendra Quicke, William Hudson … (2016)
          Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus of significant public health concern. ZIKV shares a high degree of sequence and structural homology compared with other flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV), resulting in immunological cross-reactivity. Improving our current understanding of the extent and characteristics of this immunological cross-reactivity is important, as ZIKV is presently circulating in areas that are highly endemic for dengue. To assess the magnitude and functional quality of cross-reactive immune responses between these closely related viruses, we tested acute and convalescent sera from nine Thai patients with PCR-confirmed DENV infection against ZIKV. All of the sera tested were cross-reactive with ZIKV, both in binding and in neutralization. To deconstruct the observed serum cross-reactivity in depth, we also characterized a panel of DENV-specific plasmablast-derived monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for activity against ZIKV. Nearly half of the 47 DENV-reactive mAbs studied bound to both whole ZIKV virion and ZIKV lysate, of which a subset also neutralized ZIKV. In addition, both sera and mAbs from the dengue-infected patients enhanced ZIKV infection of Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)-bearing cells in vitro. Taken together, these findings suggest that preexisting immunity to DENV may impact protective immune responses against ZIKV. In addition, the extensive cross-reactivity may have implications for ZIKV virulence and disease severity in DENV-experienced populations.
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            Rapid spread of emerging Zika virus in the Pacific area.

            D Musso, E.J. Nilles, V-M Cao-Lormeau (2014)
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              Zika Virus, French Polynesia, South Pacific, 2013

              Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau (2014)
              In Response: I want to respond to the letter by Hancock et al. ( 1 ) regarding the previously published letter, Zika Virus, French Polynesia, South Pacific, 2013 ( 2 ). My comment aims to clarify an inaccuracy in the following sentence. “In 2007, the first Zika outbreak ever reported outside Africa and Asia was retrospectively documented from biological samples of patients on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia, North Pacific, who had received an incorrect diagnosis of dengue virus (DENV)” ( 2 ). I recognize that this sentence does not provide an accurate description of the efforts in Yap State to investigate the outbreak and further confirm that it was caused by Zika virus (ZIKV). As specified in the article by Lanciotti et al. ( 3 ), outbreak investigations continued although initial laboratory testing suggested dengue virus as the causative agent: “In April 2007, an epidemic of rash, conjunctivitis, and arthralgia was noted by physicians in Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia. Laboratory testing with a rapid assay suggested that a dengue virus (DENV) was the causative agent. In June 2007, samples were sent for confirmatory testing to the Arbovirus Diagnostic Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Fort Collins, CO, USA).” I apologize to the Yap Epinet Team for this inaccuracy, and I encourage the reader to consult the articles by Lanciotti et al. ( 3 ) and Duffy et al. ( 4 ) to get a complete description of the clinical and laboratory investigations conducted during the ZIKV outbreak in Yap State. If data and laboratory protocols (reverse transcription PCR) related to this first ZIKV outbreak in the Pacific had not been available to the scientific community, identification of ZIKV as the cause of an outbreak in French Polynesia in 2013 would have been greatly delayed.
              Article 0 comments Cited 71 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerging Infect. Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): April 2017
                Volume: 23
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 669-672
                Affiliations
                [1]Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia (M. Aubry, A. Teissier, C. Roche, S. Teururai, D. Musso, V.-M. Cao-Lormeau);
                [2]Centre d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique des Armées, Marseille, France (M. Huart, S. Sicard, X. Deparis);
                [3]Unité Mixte de Recherche Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille (M. Huart, S. Sicard, X. Deparis);
                [4]Institut de la Statistique de la Polynésie Française, Papeete (S. Merceron);
                [5]Institut Pasteur, Paris, France (J. Vanhomwegen, S. Paulous, J.-C. Manuguerra);
                [6]Direction Départementale de la Cohésion Sociale et de la Protection des Populations, Yonne, France (A.-L. Vial);
                [7]Direction de la Santé de la Polynésie Française, Papeete (A.-L. Vial, H.-P. Mallet);
                [8]Université de La Réunion and UMR PIMIT, Sainte Clotilde, France (P. Desprès)
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Maite Aubry, Institut Louis Malardé, PO Box 30, 98713 Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia; email: maubry@ 123456ilm.pf
                Article
                Publisher ID: 16-1549
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2304.161549
                PMC ID: 5367400
                PubMed ID: 28084987
                SO-VID: 4ca48652-9b6a-4c45-a1c6-95c4c143eeaf
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Zika Virus Seroprevalence, French Polynesia, 2014–2015

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: zika virus,zika,french polynesia,flavivirus,arbovirus,seroprevalence,seropositivity,immunoglobulin g,igg,viruses,vector-borne infections,zoonoses
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: zika virus, zika, french polynesia, flavivirus, arbovirus, seroprevalence, seropositivity, immunoglobulin g, igg, viruses, vector-borne infections, zoonoses

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