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      Microbial soil quality indicators under different crop rotations and tillage management Translated title: Indicadores microbianos da qualidade do solo sob diferentes rotações de culturas e manejo do solo

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          Abstract

          An experiment was carried out under field conditions to assess the effects of soil management (no-tillage- NT and conventional tillage- CT) and crop rotation systems on microbial biomass-C (Cmic), basal soil respiration (BSR), metabolic quotient (qCO2), soil organic carbon content (Corg) and microbial carbon to organic carbon ratio (Cmic/Corg). Soil samples were collected on an area cultivated with wheat as winter crop and soybean as summer crop, both in rotation with vetch, maize and oats. Samples were also collected in a secondary forest used as reference. Data of each management system (NT and CT) were compared to forest area by "t" test (p<0.05) and crop rotations were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05). All data were submitted to multivariate analysis (Principal Component Analysis - PCA). There were observed significant differences ("t" test; p<0.05) for Cmic, BSR, qCO2 and Cmic/Corg between NT and CT, by which NT values resemble those for forest area. For crop rotations significant differences (Tukey test; p<0.05) were found only for BSR and qCO2. The sum of the two first principal components on the PCA explained about 75% of the data variation. PCA showed NT closest to forest area than CT, especially treatments with soybean and vetch as consecutive crops. The forest area-NT clustering was mostly due to Cmic and Cmic/Corg relationship. Results indicate that the NT system is more sustainable than the CT system and can contribute for the accumulation a greater quantity of carbon in soil.

          Translated abstract

          Foi conduzido um experimento sob condições de campo para avaliar o efeito da forma de manejo do solo (Plantio direto - PD e plantio convencional - PC) e dos sistemas de rotação de culturas sobre o carbono da biomassa microbiana (Cmic), respiração basal do solo (RBS), quociente metabólico (qCO2), carbono orgânico total (Corg) e relação carbono da biomassa microbiana: carbono orgânico total (Cmic/Corg). As amostras de solo foram coletadas em uma área cultivada com trigo como cultura de inverno e soja como cultura de verão, ambas em rotação com ervilhaca, milho e aveia preta. Amostras de solo também foram coletadas em uma floresta secundária usada com referência. Os dados de cada sistema de manejo do solo (PD e PC) foram comparados com a floresta secundária pelo teste "t" (p<0.05) e as rotações de culturas foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0.05). Todos os dados foram submetidos a uma análise multivariada (Análise de Componentes Principais - ACP). Foram observadas diferenças significativas (teste "t"; p<0.05) para Cmic, RBS, qCO2 e Cmic/Corg entre PD e PC, em que estes valores foram semelhantes àqueles encontrados na floresta. Entre as rotações de culturas foram observadas diferenças significativas (teste de Tukey; p<0.05) apenas para RBS e qCO2. A análise de componentes principais mostrou que o PD aproximou-se mais da floresta do que o PC, especialmente nos tratamentos em que soja e ervilhaca faziam parte da rotação de culturas antes do trigo. A formação do agrupamento entre floresta e PD ocorreu principalmente devido ao Cmic e à relação Cmic/Corg. Os resultados indicam que o PD apresenta maior sustentabilidade que o PC, podendo contribuir para o acúmulo de uma grande quantidade de carbono no solo.

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            Comparisons of litterfall, litter decomposition and nutrient return in a monoculture Cunninghamia lanceolata and a mixed stand in southern China

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              Mitigation of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations by increased carbon sequestration in the soil

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rca
                Revista Ciência Agronômica
                Rev. Ciênc. Agron.
                Universidade Federal do Ceará (Fortaleza )
                1806-6690
                June 2010
                : 41
                : 2
                : 177-183
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Embrapa Arroz e Feijão Brazil
                [2 ] Embrapa Trigo Brazil
                [3 ] Embrapa Agrobiologia Brazil
                [4 ] Embrapa Agrobiologia Brazil
                Article
                S1806-66902010000200002
                10.1590/S1806-66902010000200002
                4d094d23-3f7d-401d-b5e2-5956df5c9d2e

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1806-6690&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRONOMY

                Horticulture
                Microbial biomass,Microbial respiration,Organic matter,Soil management,Biomassa microbiana,Respiração microbiana,Matéria orgânica,Manejo do solo

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