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      Using the Culex pipiens sperm proteome to identify elements essential for mosquito reproduction

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          Abstract

          Mature sperm from Culex pipiens were isolated and analyzed by mass spectrometry to generate a mature sperm proteome dataset. In this study, we highlight subsets of proteins related to flagellar structure and sperm motility and compare the identified protein components to previous studies examining essential functions of sperm. The proteome includes 1700 unique protein IDs, including a number of uncharacterized proteins. Here we discuss those proteins that may contribute to the unusual structure of the Culex sperm flagellum, as well as potential regulators of calcium mobilization and phosphorylation pathways that regulate motility. This database will prove useful for understanding the mechanisms that activate and maintain sperm motility as well as identify potential molecular targets for mosquito population control.

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          Basic local alignment search tool.

          A new approach to rapid sequence comparison, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), directly approximates alignments that optimize a measure of local similarity, the maximal segment pair (MSP) score. Recent mathematical results on the stochastic properties of MSP scores allow an analysis of the performance of this method as well as the statistical significance of alignments it generates. The basic algorithm is simple and robust; it can be implemented in a number of ways and applied in a variety of contexts including straightforward DNA and protein sequence database searches, motif searches, gene identification searches, and in the analysis of multiple regions of similarity in long DNA sequences. In addition to its flexibility and tractability to mathematical analysis, BLAST is an order of magnitude faster than existing sequence comparison tools of comparable sensitivity.
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            Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4

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              CDD: NCBI's conserved domain database

              NCBI's CDD, the Conserved Domain Database, enters its 15th year as a public resource for the annotation of proteins with the location of conserved domain footprints. Going forward, we strive to improve the coverage and consistency of domain annotation provided by CDD. We maintain a live search system as well as an archive of pre-computed domain annotation for sequences tracked in NCBI's Entrez protein database, which can be retrieved for single sequences or in bulk. We also maintain import procedures so that CDD contains domain models and domain definitions provided by several collections available in the public domain, as well as those produced by an in-house curation effort. The curation effort aims at increasing coverage and providing finer-grained classifications of common protein domains, for which a wealth of functional and structural data has become available. CDD curation generates alignment models of representative sequence fragments, which are in agreement with domain boundaries as observed in protein 3D structure, and which model the structurally conserved cores of domain families as well as annotate conserved features. CDD can be accessed at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cdd.shtml.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS One
                plos
                PLOS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                16 February 2023
                2023
                : 18
                : 2
                : e0280013
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America
                [2 ] Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America
                [3 ] Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America
                Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, UNITED STATES
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Article
                PONE-D-22-22488
                10.1371/journal.pone.0280013
                9934393
                36795667
                4e9a5be9-f75d-4e6b-9b3a-69f6a9786ba2
                © 2023 Thaler et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 11 August 2022
                : 19 December 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 5, Pages: 24
                Funding
                Funded by: University of California, Riverside
                Award Recipient :
                Funding for this project was provided by the University of California, Riverside to RAC.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cellular Types
                Animal Cells
                Germ Cells
                Sperm
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Medical Conditions
                Infectious Diseases
                Disease Vectors
                Insect Vectors
                Mosquitoes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Species Interactions
                Disease Vectors
                Insect Vectors
                Mosquitoes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Entomology
                Insects
                Mosquitoes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Animals
                Invertebrates
                Arthropoda
                Insects
                Mosquitoes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Animals
                Invertebrates
                Arthropoda
                Insects
                Mosquitoes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Proteins
                Proteomes
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Biochemistry
                Proteins
                Cytoskeletal Proteins
                Tubulins
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cellular Structures and Organelles
                Cell Membranes
                Membrane Proteins
                Biology and life sciences
                Biochemistry
                Proteins
                DNA-binding proteins
                Histones
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cell Motility
                Flagellar Motility
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Cell Biology
                Cellular Structures and Organelles
                Cytoskeleton
                Microtubules
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

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