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      Multiple resistance of Conyza sumatrensis to Chlorimuron­ethyl and to Glyphosate Translated title: Resistência múltipla de Conyza sumatrensis ao Chlorimuron-ethyl e ao Glyphosate

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          Abstract

          Weed resistance to herbicides has been a major issue in Brazil, mainly due to the inefficiency of the herbicides used in no-till areas and to the high cost of these herbicide treatments. Failures in controlling the weed Conyza have been reported in Western and Northern grain crop areas in Paraná (Brazil). This work aimed to evaluate the potential occurrence of C. sumatrensis biotypes resistant to the herbicides chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate. Experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions with four biotypes (Cascavel-2, Toledo-4, Tupãssi-6, and Assis Chateaubriand-7) possibly resistant to, as well as a population considered susceptible to chlorimuron-ethyl and glyphosate. To obtain dose-response curves, eight herbicide doses of chlorimuron-ethyl (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 g ha-1) and glyphosate (0, 90, 180, 360, 720, 1,440, 2,880 and 5,760 g e.a. ha-1) were applied and weed control and shoot biomass evaluations were made. Results provided evidence that two biotypes (Cascavel-2 and Tupãssi-6) were resistant to glyphosate and four biotypes (Cascavel-2, Toledo-4, Tupãssi-6 and Assis Chateaubriand-7) were resistant to chlorimuron­ethyl. Multiple resistance to glyphosate and chlorimuron was confirmed for biotypes Cascavel­2 and Tupãssi 6. This is the first report on multiple resistance in Conyza sumatrensis, worldwide.

          Translated abstract

          A resistência de plantas daninhas aos herbicidas tem causado grandes problemas, principalmente em relação à ineficácia dos tratamentos herbicidas utilizados em plantio direto e ao aumento do custo desses tratamentos. Falhas de controle após a aplicação de herbicidas em áreas com buva têm sido observadas nas regiões norte e oeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de resistência de biótipos de Conyza sumatrensis aos herbicidas chlorimuron-ethyl e glyphosate. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação, avaliando-se quatro biótipos (Cascavel-2, Toledo-4, Tupãssi-6 e Assis Chateaubriand-7) com suspeita de resistência, além de uma população suscetível ao chlorimuron-ethyl e ao glyphosate. Para obter a curva de dose-resposta, foram utilizadas oito doses crescentes de chlorimuron-ethyl (0, 2,5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 e 160 g ha-1) e de glyphosate (0, 90, 180, 360, 720, 1.440, 2.880 e 5.760 g e.a. ha-1). Foram avaliadas as porcentagens de controle e o acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea dos biótipos. Mediante os resultados obtidos, confirmou-se a resistência de dois biótipos (Cascavel-2 e Tupãssi­6) ao glyphosate e de quatro biótipos ao chlorimuron-ethyl (Cascavel-2, Toledo-4, Tupãssi-6 e Assis Chateaubriand-7). Resistência múltipla ao glyphosate e ao chlorimuron foi confirmada nos biótipos Cascavel-2 e Tupãssi-6. Trata-se do primeiro relato de ocorrência de resistência múltipla em Conyza sumatrensis no mundo.

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          Most cited references24

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          Herbicide bioassay

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            Evolved Glyphosate Resistance in Plants: Biochemical and Genetic Basis of Resistance

            Resistance to the herbicide glyphosate is currently known in at least eight weed species from many countries. Some populations of goosegrass from Malaysia, rigid ryegrass from Australia, and Italian ryegrass from Chile exhibit target site–based resistance to glyphosate through changes at amino acid 106 of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene. Mutations change amino acid 106 from proline to either serine or threonine, conferring an EPSPS weakly resistant to glyphosate. The moderate level of resistance is sufficient for commercial failure of the herbicide to control these plants in the field. Conversely, a nontarget site resistance mechanism has been documented in glyphosate-resistant populations of horseweed and rigid ryegrass from the United States and Australia, respectively. In these resistant plants, there is reduced translocation of glyphosate to meristematic tissues. Both of these mechanisms are inherited as a single, nuclear gene trait. Although at present only two glyphosate-resistance mechanisms are known, it is likely that other mechanisms will become evident. The already very large and still increasing reliance on glyphosate in many parts of the world will inevitably result in more glyphosate-resistant weeds, placing the sustainability of this precious herbicide resource at risk.
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              Aspectos de resistência de plantas daninhas a herbicidas

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pd
                Planta Daninha
                Planta daninha
                Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas (Viçosa )
                1806-9681
                June 2014
                : 32
                : 2
                : 409-416
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brazil
                Article
                S0100-83582014000200019
                10.1590/S0100-83582014000200019
                4f75a8d4-edce-467b-beb7-9ca8839c441d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-8358&lng=en
                Categories
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany
                EPSPs,sulfonilureas,ALS-inhibitors,Sumatran fleabane,multiple resistance,sulfonilureias,inibidores da ALS,buva,resistência múltipla

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