Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) chemicals: a critical review of current biotechnological approaches

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article was to generate a framework of bio-based economy by an effective utilization of biomass from the perspectives of agriculture for developing potential end bio-based products (e.g. pharmaceuticals, active pharmaceutical ingredients). Our discussion is also extended to the conservatory ways of bioenergy along with development of bio-based products and biofuels. This review article further showcased the fundamental principles for producing these by-products. Thereby, the necessity of creating these products is to be efficaciously utilization by small-scale farmers that can aid the local needs for bio-based materials and energy. Concurrently, the building up of small markets will open up the avenues and linkages for bigger markets. In nutshell, the aim of the review is to explore the pathway of the biotechnological approaches so that less chosen producers and underdeveloped areas can be allied so that pressure on the systems of biomass production can be relaxed.

Graphical Abstract