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      Fortalecimiento del rendimiento de abejas (Apis mellifera) alimentadas con fuentes proteicas Translated title: Reinforcement of the yield of bees (Apis mellifera) fed with protein sources

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          Abstract

          El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la aplicación de tres tipos de fuentes proteicas de origen vegetal como sustituto del polen en la alimentación de abejas (Apis mellifera). El estudio se realizó en la Universidad Técnica de Ambato de la Facultad de ciencias Agropecuarias en el cantón Cevallos, provincia de Tungurahua. Las variables a estudiar fueron postura de reina (PR), peso de la población final (PPF), producción de polen (PDNP), producción de miel (PDNM) y consumo de alimento. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y tres repeticiones en donde se utilizaron 12 colmenas que fueron divididas en cuatro grupos: el primero recibió suplemento en forma de torta a base de harina de soya (T1), el segundo recibió suplemento en forma de torta a base de harina de arveja (T2), el tercero recibió suplemento en forma de torta a base de harina de lenteja (T3) y el cuarto fue el grupo testigo (T0). La suplementación fue entregada durante ocho semanas, una vez por semana, entre noviembre y enero del año 2016 y 2017. Los resultados fueron evaluados con un análisis de varianza y prueba de Tukey al 5%. Para PR, PPF, PDNP, PDNM y CTP los tratamientos T1 y T2 mostraron mejores resultados con valores para T1 PR (4310.3 huevos), Aumento de población (0.4133 kg), PDNP (1271.7 g) y CTP (266.55 g) y para T2 PR (3908.3 huevos), incremento de población (0.20 kg), PDNP (1289.3 g) y CTP (240.80 g) respectivamente. En conclusión, se recomienda utilizar harina de soya como ingrediente proteico en la elaboración de sustitutos de polen para abejas ya que mejora el rendimiento de la colmena y su costo es menor.

          Translated abstract

          The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the application of three types of protein sources of plant origin as a substitute for pollen in bee feeding (Apis mellifera). This investigation was conducted at the Technical University of Ambato, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Cevallos town in Tungurahua province. The variables to be studied were queen posture (PR), final population weight (PPF), pollen production (PDNP), honey production (NDDP) and food consumption. A completely randomized design with four treatments and three replicates was used in which 12 hives were used, which were divided into four groups: The first one received a cake-based supplement of soybean meal (T1), the second received a cake-based supplement of pea meal (T2), the third received a cake-like supplement based on lentil flour (T3) and the fourth was the control group (T0). Supplementation was given for eight weeks, once a week, between November and January 2016 and 2017. The results were evaluated with an analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5%. For PR, PPF, PDNP, PDNM and CTP treatments T1 and T2 showed better results with values for T1 PR (4310.3 eggs), increase in population (0.4133 kg), PDNP (1271.7 g) and CTP (266.55 g) and T2 PR 3908.3 eggs), increase in population (0.20 kg), PDNP (1289.3 g) and CTP (240.80 g) respectively. In conclusion, it is recommended to use soybean meal as a protein ingredient in the production of pollen substitutes for bees as it improves the performance of the hive and its cost is lower.

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          Influence of pollen diet in spring on development of honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies.

          The effects of changes in spring pollen diet on the development of honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), colonies were examined in a 3-yr study (2002-2004). Pollen-supplemented and pollen-limited conditions were created in colonies every spring, and brood rearing and honey yields were subsequently monitored throughout the summer. In all 3 yr, colonies that were supplemented with pollen or a pollen substitute in the spring started rearing brood earlier than colonies in other treatment groups and produced the most workers by late April or early May. In 2002, these initial differences were reflected by a two-fold increase in annual honey yields by September for colonies that were pollen-supplemented during the spring compared with pollen-limited colonies. In 2003 and 2004, differences between treatment groups in the cumulative number of workers produced by colonies disappeared by midsummer, and all colonies had similar annual honey yields (exception: in one year, productivity was low for colonies supplemented with pollen before wintering). Discrepancies between years coincided with differences in spring weather conditions. Colonies supplemented with pollen or a substitute during the spring performed similarly in all respects. These results indicate that an investment in supplementing the pollen diet of colonies would be returned for situations in which large spring populations are important, but long-term improvement in honey yields may only result when spring foraging is severely reduced by inclement weather. Beekeepers should weigh this information against the nutritional deficiencies that are frequently generated in colonies by the stresses of commercial management.
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            Desenvolvimento de colônias de abelhas com diferentes alimentos protéicos

            O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de produtos regionais do Nordeste na alimentação de colônias de abelhas (Apis mellifera), em um período de escassez de floradas. Foram fornecidas dietas às abelhas, contendo 20% de proteína bruta, à base de feno de mandioca (Manihot esculenta) e farinha de vagem de algaroba (Prosopis juliflora), feno de mandioca e farelo de babaçu (Orbygnia martiana), farelo de babaçu e Purilac (sucedâneo para bezerros da marca Purina) e pólen apícola de Palmae. As colônias foram analisadas quanto ao peso e às áreas de alimento e cria. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre os tratamentos em relação às áreas de cria. Apesar de a pasta com pólen ser a mais consumida, este alimento mostrou conversão alimentar menor do que as demais dietas fornecidas. As colônias que receberam pasta de feno de mandioca com farelo de babaçu tiveram maior peso final. Todos os alimentos mostraram-se eficientes na manutenção das colônias.
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              Avaliação da eficiência nutricional do substituto de pólen por meio de medidas de áreas de cria e pólen em Apis mellifera

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jsaas
                Journal of the Selva Andina Animal Science
                J.Selva Andina Anim. Sci.
                Journal of the Selva Andina Animal Science.; Fundación Selva Andina Research Society.; Departamento de Enseñanza e Investigación en Bioquímica & Microbiología. (La Paz, , Bolivia )
                2311-2581
                2017
                : 4
                : 2
                : 95-103
                Affiliations
                [01] Tungurahua orgnameUniversidad Técnica de Ambato orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Ecuador op.nunez@ 123456uta.edu.ec
                Article
                S2311-25812017000200002 S2311-2581(17)00400200002
                50f247f0-1970-4881-b3bc-33d0725795ed

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                : September 2017
                : April 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN

                polen,pollen,suplementación proteica,protein supplementation,Apis mellifera

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