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      Nanoemulsion: an advanced mode of drug delivery system

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          Abstract

          An advanced mode of drug delivery system has been developed to overcome the major drawbacks associated with conventional drug delivery systems. This review gives a detailed idea about a nanoemulsion system. Nanoemulsions are nano-sized emulsions, which are manufactured for improving the delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients. These are the thermodynamically stable isotropic system in which two immiscible liquids are mixed to form a single phase by means of an emulsifying agent, i.e., surfactant and co-surfactant. The droplet size of nanoemulsion falls typically in the range 20–200 nm. The main difference between emulsion and nanoemulsion lies in the size and shape of particles dispersed in the continuous phase. In this review, the attention is focused to give a basic idea about its formulation, method of preparation, characterization techniques, evaluation parameters, and various applications of nanoemulsion.

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          Most cited references22

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          Nano-emulsions

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            Design and production of nanoparticles formulated from nano-emulsion templates-a review.

            A considerable number of nanoparticle formulation methods are based on nano-emulsion templates, which in turn are generated in various ways. It must therefore be taken into account that active principles and drugs encapsulated in nanoparticles can potentially be affected by these nano-emulsion formulation processes. Such potential differences may include drug sensitivity to temperature, high-shear devices, or even contact with organic solvents. Likewise, nano-emulsion formulation processes must be chosen in function of the selected therapeutic goals of the nano-carrier suspension and its administration route. This requires the nanoparticle formulation processes (and thus the nano-emulsion formation methods) to be more adapted to the nature of the encapsulated drugs, as well as to the chosen route of administration. Offering a comprehensive review, this paper proposes a link between nano-emulsion formulation methods and nanoparticle generation, while at the same time bearing in mind the above-mentioned parameters for active molecule encapsulation. The first part will deal with the nano-emulsion template through the different formulation methods, i.e. high energy methods on the one hand, and low-energy ones (essentially spontaneous emulsification and the phase inversion temperature (PIT) method) on the other. This will be followed by a review of the different families of nanoparticles (i.e. polymeric or lipid nanospheres and nanocapsules) highlighting the links (or potential links) between these nanoparticles and the different nano-emulsion formulation methods upon which they are based.
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              Miniemulsion polymerization

              José Asua (2002)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                manjitj2@gmail.com
                Journal
                3 Biotech
                3 Biotech
                3 Biotech
                Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                2190-572X
                2190-5738
                8 April 2014
                8 April 2014
                April 2015
                : 5
                : 2
                : 123-127
                Affiliations
                Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, G. B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh India
                Article
                214
                10.1007/s13205-014-0214-0
                4362737
                28324579
                54980c2f-a71d-44ab-a272-71d7e440dce8
                © The Author(s) 2014

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.

                History
                : 16 January 2014
                : 8 March 2014
                Categories
                Review Article
                Custom metadata
                © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2015

                nanoemulsion,drug delivery,emulgents,high-pressure homogenization

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