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      Patient selection to optimize near vision performance with a low-addition trifocal lens Translated title: Selección del paciente para optimizar el rendimiento visual en visión próxima con una lente trifocal de baja adición

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          To assess the impact of ocular biometric variables on the visual performance achieved with a low addition trifocal intraocular lens (MIOL).

          Methods

          Retrospective observational study including 34 eyes. Preoperative measured variables included mean corneal power (Km), corneal regular astigmatism (RA), anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AXL), total irregular astigmatism (IA), spherical aberration (SA) and distance from pupil center to vertex normal (µ). Same variables were retrieved from the three month visit follow-up in addition to the actual lens position (ALP), the calculated effective addition (EA), the IOL centration from vertex normal (d), and the visual acuity defocus curve. The area under the defocus curve was computed along the total curve (TAUC) and ranges for far (FAUC), intermediate (IAUC) and near vision (NAUC). The sample was split in two groups of 17 eyes with TAUCs above and below the mean, and the differences among groups for different ocular parameters were assessed.

          Results

          The group of eyes above TAUC of 2.03 logMAR*m-1 showed significantly lower Km and greater AXL and SA. Km was negatively correlated with TAUC and NAUC. NAUC was negatively correlated with IA and positively with d. A multiple lineal regression model including Km, d, and IA predicted NAUC (r-square = 34%). No significant differences between IA and SA were found between preoperative and postoperative values but µ significantly decreased after surgery.

          Conclusions

          The mean corneal power, irregular astigmatism, and centration from vertex normal should be considered for optimizing the near visual performance with this MIOL.

          Resumen

          Objetivo

          Valorar el impacto de las variables biométricas oculares sobre el rendimiento visual con una lente intraocular trifocal de baja adición (MIOL).

          Métodos

          Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó 34 ojos. Las variables preoperatorias medidas incluyeron potencia corneal media (Km), astigmatismo regular corneal (AR), profundidad de la cámara anterior (ACD), longitud axial (AXL), astigmatismo irregular total (AI), aberración esférica (AE) y distancia entre el centro de la pupila y el vértice normal (µ). Algunas variables se obtuvieron de la visita de seguimiento a los tres meses, a las que se añadieron la posición real de la lente (ALP), la adición efectiva (AE), el centrado de las LIO desde el vértice normal (d), y la curva de desenfoque de agudeza visual. El área bajo la curva de desenfoque se calculó a lo largo de la curva total (TAUC) así como los rangos para visión de lejos (FAUC), intermedia (IAUC) y de cerca (NAUC). La muestra se dividió en dos grupos de 17 ojos con TAUCs por encima y por debajo de la media, valorándose las diferencias entre los grupos para los diferentes parámetros oculares.

          Resultados

          El grupo de ojos con un valor por encima de TAUC igual a 2,03 logMAR*m-1 reflejó un menor Km y valores mayores de AXL y AE. Km se correlacionó negativamente con TAUC y NAUC. NAUC se correlacionó negativamente con AI, y positivamente con d. Un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple incluyendo Km, d, y AI realizó la predicción de NAUC (R 2 = 34%). No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre AI y AE entre los valores preoperatorios y postoperatorios, aunque µ disminuyó significativamente tras la cirugía.

          Conclusiones

          La potencia corneal media, el astigmatismo irregular y el centrado desde el vértice normal deberían considerarse para optimizar el desempeño visual de cerca con MIOL.

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          Most cited references34

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          Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement.

          In clinical measurement comparison of a new measurement technique with an established one is often needed to see whether they agree sufficiently for the new to replace the old. Such investigations are often analysed inappropriately, notably by using correlation coefficients. The use of correlation is misleading. An alternative approach, based on graphical techniques and simple calculations, is described, together with the relation between this analysis and the assessment of repeatability.
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            Dissatisfaction after implantation of multifocal intraocular lenses.

            To analyze the symptoms, etiology, and treatment of patient dissatisfaction after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Department of Ophthalmology, Maastricht University Medical Center, The Netherlands. Case series. In this retrospective chart review, the main outcome measures were type of complaints, uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities, uncorrected and distance-corrected near visual acuities, refractive state, pupil diameter and wavefront aberrometry measurements, and type of treatment. Seventy-six eyes of 49 patients were included. Blurred vision (with or without photic phenomenon) was reported in 72 eyes (94.7%) and photic phenomena (with or without blurred vision) in 29 eyes (38.2%). Both symptoms were present in 25 eyes (32.9%). Residual ametropia and astigmatism, posterior capsule opacification, and a large pupil were the 3 most significant etiologies. Sixty-four eyes (84.2%) were amenable to therapy, with refractive surgery, spectacles, and laser capsulotomy the most frequent treatment modalities. Intraocular lens exchange was performed in 3 cases (4.0%). The cause of dissatisfaction after implantation of a multifocal IOL can be identified and effective treatment measures taken in most cases. Copyright © 2011 ASCRS and ESCRS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Multifocal intraocular lenses: An overview.

              Multifocal intraocular lenses are increasingly used in the management of pseudophakic presbyopia. After multifocal intraocular lens implantation, most patients do not need spectacles or contact lenses and are pleased with the result. Complications, however, may affect the patient's quality of life and level of satisfaction. Common problems with multifocal lenses are blurred vision and photic phenomena associated with residual ametropia, posterior capsule opacification, large pupil size, wavefront anomalies, dry eye, and lens decentration. The main reasons for these are failure to neuroadapt, lens dislocation, residual refractive error, and lens opacification. To avoid patient dissatisfaction after multifocal intraocular lens implantation, it is important to consider preoperatively the patient's lifestyle; perform an exhaustive examination including biometry, topography, and pupil reactivity; and explain the visual expectations and possible postoperative complications.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Optom
                J Optom
                Journal of Optometry
                Elsevier
                1888-4296
                1989-1342
                01 November 2019
                Jan-Mar 2020
                01 November 2019
                : 13
                : 1
                : 50-58
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Ophthalmology (Qvision), Vithas Virgen del Mar Hospital, 04120, Almería, Spain
                [b ]Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
                [c ]Department of Ophthalmology (IMQO-Oftalmar), Vithas Medimar International Hospital, Alicante, Spain
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. manuelrodriguezid@ 123456qvision.es
                Article
                S1888-4296(19)30060-3
                10.1016/j.optom.2019.06.003
                6951843
                31680039
                54e5e610-ff61-4f68-8584-b364a800f444
                © 2019 Spanish General Council of Optometry. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 10 December 2018
                : 26 June 2019
                Categories
                Original article

                trifocal intraocular lens,visual acuity,defocus curves,irregular astigmatism,keratometry,centration,addition,lentes intraoculares trifocales,agudeza visual,curvas de desenfoque,astigmatismo irregular,queratometría,centrado,adición

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