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      Alinhamento de Diferentes Projetos Pedagógicos de Cursos de Medicina com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais Translated title: Alignment of Different Pedagogical Projects of Medicine Courses with the National Curricular Guidelines

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          Abstract

          RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar os projetos pedagógicos de dois cursos (PPC) de graduação em Medicina para determinar o grau de alinhamento às Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) do ensino médico, visando compreender as diferenças decorrentes dos modelos curriculares adotados. Três especialistas em ensino médico foram convidados a analisar os documentos relativos aos projetos pedagógicos de curso (PPC) e preencher um instrumento de avaliação desenvolvido para avaliar adesão às DCN 2001, previamente publicado, com dez dimensões. O escore calculado por meio do instrumento classifica as escolas em relação ao grau de aderência às DCN, sendo valores de escore de 0 a ≤ 20%, de 20 a ≤ 40%, de 40 a ≤ 60%, de 60 a ≤ 80% e de > 80% considerados, respectivamente, divergente, fracamente aderente, regular aderência, aderente moderadamente e fortemente aderente. Também se realizou análise de conteúdo dos PPC para buscar evidências sobre os domínios no texto. Os escores totais, de 47,5% (IES1) e 82,5% (IES2), mostraram adesão regular do PPC da IES1 e acentuada do PPC da IES2 às DCN 2001. Essas diferenças se manifestaram especialmente nas dimensões da adequação da metodologia de ensino à concepção do curso, da inter-relação das disciplinas na concepção e execução do currículo e na existência de módulos ou temas integradores. As análises dos PPC mostraram que, de maneira geral, há aderência às DCN, em diferentes estágios. Observou-se boa confiabilidade desse instrumento utilizado na análise dos três avaliadores para ambas as instituições de ensino superior (alfa de Cronbach de 0,77 para a IES1 e de 0,75 para a IES2). A comparação das médias dos escores dos avaliadores por dimensão foi submetida a uma análise de significância com o Teste t de Student. Conclui-se que as duas escolas, em intensidade e por caminhos diferentes e respeitando a cultura institucional, incorporaram paulatinamente o arcabouço das diretrizes curriculares nacionais.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to analyze the pedagogical projects of two undergraduate medical education courses (CPP) to determine the degree of alignment with the National Curricular Guidelines (NDC) of Medical Education, aiming to understand the differences that arise from the curricular models adopted. Three medical education experts were invited to review the documents relating to the course pedagogical projects (CPP) and to complete an evaluation instrument developed to evaluate adherence to the previously published ten-dimensional DCN 2001. The score calculated from the instrument classifies the schools in relation to the degree of adherence to the DCN, with scores ranging from 0 ≤ to 20%, from 20 to ≤ 40%; 40 to ≤ to 60%; from 60 to ≤ to 80% and from > 80% considered respectively, divergent, poorly adherent, regular adherence, adherent moderately and strongly adherent. Content analysis of PPPs was also conducted to search for evidence on domains in the text. The total scores of 47.5% (Institution of Higher Education 1) and 82.5% (Institution of Higher Education 2), showed regular adherence of the PPC of Institution of Higher Education 1 and marked of the CPP of Institution of Higher Education 2 to DCN 2001. These differences were manifested especially in the dimensions of the adequacy of the teaching methodology to the course design, of the interrelationship of the disciplines in the conception and execution of the curriculum and in the existence of integrating modules or themes. The CPP analyzes showed that, in general, there is adherence to the DCN in different stages. We observed a good reliability of this instrument used in the analysis of the three evaluators for both institutions of higher education (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77 for Institution of Higher Education 1 and Cronbach’s alpha of 0.75 for the Institution of Higher Education 2). The comparison of the means of the scores of the evaluators by size was submitted to a significance analysis with the Student t Test. It is concluded that the two schools, in intensity and in different ways and respecting the institutional culture, gradually incorporated the framework of the national curricular guidelines.

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          Most cited references22

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          Medical Student Mental Health 3.0: Improving Student Wellness Through Curricular Changes

          Medical education can have significant negative effects on the well-being of medical students. To date, efforts to improve student mental health have focused largely on improving access to mental health providers, reducing the stigma and other barriers to mental health treatment, and implementing ancillary wellness programs. Still, new and innovative models that build on these efforts by directly addressing the root causes of stress that lie within the curriculum itself are needed to properly promote student wellness. In this article, the authors present a new paradigm for improving medical student mental health, by describing an integrated, multifaceted, preclinical curricular change program implemented through the Office of Curricular Affairs at the Saint Louis University School of Medicine starting in the 2009–2010 academic year. The authors found that significant but efficient changes to course content, contact hours, scheduling, grading, electives, learning communities, and required resilience/mindfulness experiences were associated with significantly lower levels of depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress, and significantly higher levels of community cohesion, in medical students who participated in the expanded wellness program compared with those who preceded its implementation. The authors discuss the utility and relevance of such curricular changes as an overlooked component of change models for improving medical student mental health.
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            Effects of Problem-Based Learning: A Meta-Analysis From the Angle of Assessment

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              The effectiveness of team-based learning on learning outcomes in health professions education: BEME Guide No. 30.

              Team-Based Learning (TBL) is a student-centred active learning method, requiring less faculty time than other active learning methods. While TBL may have pedagogical value, individual studies present inconsistent findings. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of TBL on improving learning outcomes in health professions education.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbem
                Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica
                Rev. bras. educ. med.
                Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                0100-5502
                1981-5271
                June 2019
                : 43
                : 2
                : 143-151
                Affiliations
                [1] São Paulo São Paulo orgnamePontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Brazil
                [3] Campinas São Paulo orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Campinas Brazil
                [2] Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Brazil
                Article
                S0100-55022019000200143
                10.1590/1981-52712015v43n2rb20180203
                558248c1-fc03-462f-9381-9b26fea7a928

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 September 2018
                : 17 December 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo Original

                Curriculum,Medical Education,Active Methodologies,Problem-Based Learning,Educação Médica,Metodologias Ativas,Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas

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