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      Affectivity as mediator of the relation between optimism and quality of life in men who have sex with men with HIV Translated title: Afectividad como mediador de la relación entre optimismo y calidad de vida en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres con VIH

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          Abstract

          Background/Objective: Increased life expectancy has made quality of life the primary objective in the care of chronic patients and people living with HIV. It found evidence of the link between optimism, quality of life and well-being. This article aimed to determine whether affectivity in its two dimensions (positive and negative) played a mediating role in the association between optimism and quality of life in men living with HIV. Method: 116 men living with HIV (the average age was 36.8 years ( SD=9.06), and the average time from the diagnosis was 8.2 years) responded to three instruments: Life Orientation Test revised version (LOT-R), the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQoL-Bref). Results: The results showed that positive affect had no mediating effect, whereas negative affect mediated the relation of optimism with two quality-of-life dimensions (overall quality of life and environment). Conclusion: In conclusion, negative affect was found to participate only partially, acting as a mediating variable.

          Resumen

          Antecedente/Objetivos: El aumento de la esperanza de vida ha hecho de la calidad de vida (CV) el objetivo fundamental en el cuidado de pacientes crónicos y en personas que viven con VIH. Se ha encontrado evidencia del vínculo entre optimismo, calidad de vida y bienestar. El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar si la afectividad en sus dos dimensiones (positiva y negativa) desempeña un rol mediador en la asociación entre optimismo y calidad de vida en hombres viviendo con VIH que tienen sexo con hombres. Método: Cientodieciséis hombres con VIH (edad promedio fue de 36,8 años; DT = 9,06; tiempo medio desde el diagnóstico de 8,2 años) contestaron tres instrumentos: Life Orientation Test Revised Version (LOT-R), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) y World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQoL-Bref). Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que el afecto positivo no tuvo efecto mediador, mientras el afecto negativo medió la relación entre optimismo y dos dimensiones de la calidad de vida (calidad de vida general y ambiente). Conclusiones: Se encontró que el afecto negativo participa parcialmente como una variable mediadora entre el optimismo y calidad de vida.

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          Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): a reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test.

          Research on dispositional optimism as assessed by the Life Orientation Test (Scheier & Carver, 1985) has been challenged on the grounds that effects attributed to optimism are indistinguishable from those of unmeasured third variables, most notably, neuroticism. Data from 4,309 subjects show that associations between optimism and both depression and aspects of coping remain significant even when the effects of neuroticism, as well as the effects of trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem, are statistically controlled. Thus, the Life Orientation Test does appear to possess adequate predictive and discriminant validity. Examination of the scale on somewhat different grounds, however, does suggest that future applications can benefit from its revision. Thus, we also describe a minor modification to the Life Orientation Test, along with data bearing on the revised scale's psychometric properties.
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            Positive and negative affectivity and their relation to anxiety and depressive disorders.

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              Calidad de vida: Una revisión teórica del concepto

              El concepto de calidad de vida ha comenzado a utilizarse cada vez más en el campo de las evaluaciones en salud o como medida de bienestar. Pese a esto, no existe una definición única del concepto ni una completa diferenciación con otros conceptos similares, siendo frecuentemente mal utilizado. El presente trabajo presenta una revisión teórica del concepto, así como una clasificación de los distintos modelos de definiciones, incluyendo una propuesta de modelo centrado en la evaluación cognitiva. Se desarrollan también los principales problemas de la investigación en el área de la calidad de vida.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Int J Clin Health Psychol
                Int J Clin Health Psychol
                International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology : IJCHP
                Asociacion Espanola de Psicologia Conductual
                1697-2600
                2174-0852
                30 July 2016
                Sep-Dec 2016
                30 July 2016
                : 16
                : 3
                : 256-265
                Affiliations
                [0005]Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH) and Centro de Innovación en Tecnologías de la Información para Aplicaciones Sociales (CITIAPS), Chile
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author: Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Avenida Ecuador 3650, 3° Piso. Santiago de Chile, Chile. pablo.vera@ 123456usach.cl
                Article
                S1697-2600(16)30030-8
                10.1016/j.ijchp.2016.07.001
                6225089
                5895d037-7fe6-4b48-8732-651f20fa2caa
                © 2016 Asociación Española de Psicología Conductual. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 26 March 2016
                : 18 July 2016
                Categories
                Original article

                optimism,positive affect,negative affect,quality of life,ex post facto study,optimismo,afecto positivo,afecto negativo,calidad de vida,estudio ex post facto

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