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      A new sympatric region for distinct karyotypic forms of Hoplias malabaricus (Pisces, Erythrinidae) Translated title: Uma nova região de simpatria para formas cariotípicas distintas de Hoplias malabaricus (Pisces, Erythrinidae)

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          Abstract

          Specimens of Hoplias malabaricus from Lagoa Carioca, an isolated lake of the Rio Doce State Park (state of Minas Gerais, Brazil), were cytogenetically studied. The diploid number was found to be constant, i.e., 2n = 42 chromosomes, although two karyotypic forms were found: karyotype A, characterized by 22M + 20SM chromosomes, observed only in a male specimen, and karyotype B, characterized by 24M + 16SM + 2ST and 24M + 17SM + 1ST chromosomes in female and male specimens, respectively. This sex difference found in karyotype B is related to an XX/XY sex chromosome system. Another female specimen of H. malabaricus, also carrying karyotype A, had previously been found in the same lake. The available data indicate that two sympatric cytotypes of H. malabaricus exist in the Lagoa Carioca, with cytotype A occurring at a lower frequency and differing from cytotype B by undifferentiated sex chromosomes.

          Translated abstract

          Foram analisados, cromossomicamente, espécimes de Hoplias malabaricus provenientes da Lagoa Carioca, localizada no Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (Minas Gerais, Brasil). O número diplóide de cromossomos foi constante, 2n = 42, mas duas formas cariotípicas distintas foram encontradas: cariótipo A, caracterizado por 22M + 20SM, presente em apenas um dos exemplares machos e cariótipo B, caracterizado por 24M + 16SM + 2ST e 24M + 17SM + 1ST em fêmeas e machos, respectivamente, diferença esta devida a um sistema de cromossomos sexuais do tipo XX/XY. Contudo, um outro exemplar fêmea, apresentando também o cariótipo A, foi previamente detectado nessa mesma lagoa, o que permite caracterizar o cariótipo A como portador de 2n = 42 cromossomos, mas sem um sistema diferenciado de cromossomos sexuais. Os dados disponíveis evidenciam que dois citótipos distintos (A e B) são encontrados em simpatria e sintopia na Lagoa Carioca, tendo o citótipo A uma freqüência reduzida.

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          Chromosome banding in amphibia. IV. Differentiation of GC- and AT-rich chromosome regions in Anura.

          The chromosomes of 26 species of Anura from variously highly envolved groups were analysed with the fluorescent GC-specific antibiotics mithramycin and chromomycin A3 as well as with the AT-specific quinacrine. The mithramycin- and chromomycin A3-stainings generally resulted in a pattern of the constitutive heterochromatin opposite to the one obtained with quinacrine stain. The weaker a heterochromatic region fluoresces with quinacrine, the stronger is the intensity of the fluorescence achieved with mithramycin and chromomycin A3. Some of the telomeric and interstitial heterochromatic regions, however, exhibit no enhanced fluorescence with any of the fluorochromes. The nucleolar constrictions of the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) displayed the brightest mithramycin- and chromomycin A3-fluorescence in the karyotypes and interphase nuclei of all species examined. The contrast of the brightly fluorescing GC-rich heterochromatin and of the NORs is considerably enhanced, when the non-fluorescent AT-specific oligopeptide distamycin A is employed as a counterstain. No banding patterns were observed with the fluorochromes in the euchromatic regions of the metaphase chromosomes; this attributed to the strong spiralization of the anuran chromosomes. A cytochemical classification of the various chromatin types in the anuran chromosomes is discussed on the basis of the differential labelings found on the constitutive heterochromatin by means of the fluorochromes.
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            Yeast stimulation of bone marrow mitosis for cytogenetic investigations.

            We report a simple, dependable method for stimulating bone marrow mitosis in small mammals. Subcutaneous injections of a suspension of active baker's yeast may elevate the mitotic index as much as six times or more. Additionally, the metaphases obtained are easily spread when air dried, and the chromosomes are readily banded. This method should prove useful to investigators who wish to use bone marrow as a source of chromosomes for cytotaxonomic studies or for studies of specific chromosome damage in vivo.
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              The nucleolar organizer regions of Erythrinidae fish

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bjb
                Brazilian Journal of Biology
                Braz. J. Biol.
                Instituto Internacional de Ecologia (São Carlos )
                1678-4375
                February 2006
                : 66
                : 1b
                : 205-210
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de São Carlos Brazil
                Article
                S1519-69842006000200004
                10.1590/S1519-69842006000200004
                16710514
                593cb5d2-8a52-4583-a1d1-e7a3f5afffdf

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1519-6984&lng=en
                Categories
                BIOLOGY

                General life sciences
                Hoplias malabaricus,fish,karyotypes,sympatric forms,peixes,cariótipos,formas simpátricas

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