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      Seasonal Changes in Continuous Sedentary Behavior in Community—Dwelling Japanese Adults: A Pilot Study

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          Abstract

          Background: Sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study was to clarify seasonal changes in SB including continuous SB (CSB) in community-dwelling Japanese adults. Methods: In this secondary analysis, a total of 65 community-dwelling Japanese adults (7 men and 58 women, 69 (50–78) years) were enrolled. SB (%), including CSB (≥30 min) as well as physical activity, were evaluated using a tri-accelerometer. The differences in these parameters between baseline (summer) and follow-up (winter) were examined. Results: %CSB and %SB at baseline were 20.5 (4.0–60.9) and 54.0 ± 11.5, respectively. CSB was significantly increased (6.6%), and SB was also increased (5.1%) at follow-up compared with baseline. In addition, there were positive relationships between changes in CSB and SB, and body weight and body mass index. Conclusions: These results suggest that there were significant seasonal changes in CSB and SB in community-dwelling Japanese adults.

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          Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) – Terminology Consensus Project process and outcome

          Mark S. Tremblay, Salomé Aubert, Joel D. Barnes … (2017)
          Background The prominence of sedentary behavior research in health science has grown rapidly. With this growth there is increasing urgency for clear, common and accepted terminology and definitions. Such standardization is difficult to achieve, especially across multi-disciplinary researchers, practitioners, and industries. The Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) undertook a Terminology Consensus Project to address this need. Method First, a literature review was completed to identify key terms in sedentary behavior research. These key terms were then reviewed and modified by a Steering Committee formed by SBRN. Next, SBRN members were invited to contribute to this project and interested participants reviewed and provided feedback on the proposed list of terms and draft definitions through an online survey. Finally, a conceptual model and consensus definitions (including caveats and examples for all age groups and functional abilities) were finalized based on the feedback received from the 87 SBRN member participants who responded to the original invitation and survey. Results Consensus definitions for the terms physical inactivity, stationary behavior, sedentary behavior, standing, screen time, non-screen-based sedentary time, sitting, reclining, lying, sedentary behavior pattern, as well as how the terms bouts, breaks, and interruptions should be used in this context are provided. Conclusion It is hoped that the definitions resulting from this comprehensive, transparent, and broad-based participatory process will result in standardized terminology that is widely supported and adopted, thereby advancing future research, interventions, policies, and practices related to sedentary behaviors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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            Sedentary time and its association with risk for disease incidence, mortality, and hospitalization in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

            Aviroop Biswas, Paul I Oh, Guy E J Faulkner … (2015)
            The magnitude, consistency, and manner of association between sedentary time and outcomes independent of physical activity remain unclear. To quantify the association between sedentary time and hospitalizations, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer in adults independent of physical activity. English-language studies in MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar databases were searched through August 2014 with hand-searching of in-text citations and no publication date limitations. Studies assessing sedentary behavior in adults, adjusted for physical activity and correlated to at least 1 outcome. Two independent reviewers performed data abstraction and quality assessment, and a third reviewer resolved inconsistencies. Forty-seven articles met our eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses were performed on outcomes for cardiovascular disease and diabetes (14 studies), cancer (14 studies), and all-cause mortality (13 studies). Prospective cohort designs were used in all but 3 studies; sedentary times were quantified using self-report in all but 1 study. Significant hazard ratio (HR) associations were found with all-cause mortality (HR, 1.240 [95% CI, 1.090 to 1.410]), cardiovascular disease mortality (HR, 1.179 [CI, 1.106 to 1.257]), cardiovascular disease incidence (HR, 1.143 [CI, 1.002 to 1.729]), cancer mortality (HR, 1.173 [CI, 1.108 to 1.242]), cancer incidence (HR, 1.130 [CI, 1.053 to 1.213]), and type 2 diabetes incidence (HR, 1.910 [CI, 1.642 to 2.222]). Hazard ratios associated with sedentary time and outcomes were generally more pronounced at lower levels of physical activity than at higher levels. There was marked heterogeneity in research designs and the assessment of sedentary time and physical activity. Prolonged sedentary time was independently associated with deleterious health outcomes regardless of physical activity. None.
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              Time use and physical activity: a shift away from movement across the globe.

              S. -W. Ng, B Popkin (2012)
              Technology linked with reduced physical activity (PA) in occupational work, home/domestic work, and travel and increased sedentary activities, especially television viewing, dominates the globe. Using detailed historical data on time allocation, occupational distributions, energy expenditures data by activity, and time-varying measures of metabolic equivalents of task (MET) for activities when available, we measure historical and current MET by four major PA domains (occupation, home production, travel and active leisure) and sedentary time among adults (>18 years). Trends by domain for the United States (1965-2009), the United Kingdom (1961-2005), Brazil (2002-2007), China (1991-2009) and India (2000-2005) are presented. We also project changes in energy expenditure by domain and sedentary time (excluding sleep and personal care) to 2020 and 2030 for each of these countries. The use of previously unexplored detailed time allocation and energy expenditures and other datasets represents a useful addition to our ability to document activity and inactivity globally, but highlights the need for concerted efforts to monitor PA in a consistent manner globally, increase global PA and decrease sedentary behavior. Given the potential impact on weight gain and other cardiometabolic health risks, the differential declines in MET of activity and increases in sedentary time across the globe represent a major threat to global health. © 2012 The Authors. obesity reviews © 2012 International Association for the Study of Obesity.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Medicines (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Medicines (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): medicines
                Title: Medicines
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2305-6320
                Publication date (Electronic): 25 August 2020
                Publication date Collection: September 2020
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 9
                Electronic Location Identifier: 48
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan; miyarin@ 123456med.kagawa-u.ac.jp (N.M.); duratech117@ 123456yahoo.co.jp (S.H.); tanzuki@ 123456med.kagawa-u.ac.jp (H.S.)
                [2 ]Department of Nursing, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu 761-0123, Japan
                [3 ]The Faculty of Social Studies, Shikokugakuin University, Zentsuji, Kagawa 765-8505, Japan; kata@ 123456sg-u.ac.jp
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: S17d705@ 123456stu.kagawa-u.ac.jp ; Tel.: +81-87-891-2465
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3891-4855
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8370-266X
                Article
                Publisher ID: medicines-07-00048
                DOI: 10.3390/medicines7090048
                PMC ID: 7555823
                PubMed ID: 32854389
                SO-VID: 5b1753ec-0031-4e56-b8cf-f8c14924be06
                Copyright © © 2020 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 29 June 2020
                Date accepted : 21 August 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: continuous sedentary behavior (csb),sedentary behavior (sb),tri-accelerometer,body mass index (bmi),community-dwelling japanese adults
                Data availability:
                Keywords: continuous sedentary behavior (csb), sedentary behavior (sb), tri-accelerometer, body mass index (bmi), community-dwelling japanese adults

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