Governing the second deep transition towards a circular economy: How rules emerge, align and diffuse

Highlights

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  Paper complements deep transition (DT) framework by Schot and Kanger with ideas from international relations literature.

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  Explores the role of the EU in developing and diffusing circular economy rules.

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  Circular economy is considered an emerging meta-regime with the potential to transform the global economic model.

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  We emphasise the importance of an actor focussed research strategy in deep transitions complementing the focus on rules.

Abstract

The recently developed Deep Transitions framework has so far been mainly used to explore the first deep transition towards industrial modernity. This paper looks at a potential second deep transition towards a circular economy, which is hoped to lead to a more sustainable global economic system. Our focus is on exploring the role of the EU in developing and diffusing this emerging set of rules. We draw on ideas from the international relations literature to explain why and how the EU adopted the idea of a circular economy, helped formulate it into a set of rules and how it promoted its international diffusion. The paper concludes with lessons about the case and critical reflections about the Deep Transitions framework. In particular, we argue for taking a more actor-based approach when researching the unfolding second deep transition.