For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
1
views
109
references
 Top references
cited by
11
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      242
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      New roles for glutathione: Modulators of bacterial virulence and pathogenesis

      research-article
      Author(s): a , b , a , b , ∗
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Redox Biology
      Publisher: Elsevier
      Keywords: Glutathione, Virulence, Bacteria, Pathogenesis, Thiol, Immune response

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Low molecular weight (LMW) thiols contain reducing sulfhydryl groups that are important for maintaining antioxidant defense in the cell. Aside from the traditional roles of LMW thiols as redox regulators in bacteria, glutathione (GSH) has been reported to affect virulence and bacterial pathogenesis. The role of GSH in virulence is diverse, including the activation of virulence gene expression and contributing to optimal biofilm formation. GSH can also be converted to hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) which is important for the pathogenesis of certain bacteria. Besides GSH, some bacteria produce other LMW thiols such as mycothiol and bacillithiol that affect bacterial virulence. We discuss these newer reported functions of LMW thiols modulating bacterial pathogenesis either directly or indirectly and via modulation of the host immune system.

          Related collections

          Most cited references109

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Proteobacteria: microbial signature of dysbiosis in gut microbiota.

          Na-Ri Shin, Tae Whon, Jin-Woo Bae (2015)
          Recent advances in sequencing techniques, applied to the study of microbial communities, have provided compelling evidence that the mammalian intestinal tract harbors a complex microbial community whose composition is a critical determinant of host health in the context of metabolism and inflammation. Given that an imbalanced gut microbiota often arises from a sustained increase in abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria, the natural human gut flora normally contains only a minor proportion of this phylum. Here, we review studies that explored the association between an abnormal expansion of Proteobacteria and a compromised ability to maintain a balanced gut microbial community. We also propose that an increased prevalence of Proteobacteria is a potential diagnostic signature of dysbiosis and risk of disease.
          Article 0 comments Cited 881 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Gut inflammation provides a respiratory electron acceptor for Salmonella

            Sebastian E Winter, Parameth Thiennimitr, Maria G. Winter … (2010)
            Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) causes acute gut inflammation by using its virulence factors to invade the intestinal epithelium and survive in mucosal macrophages. The inflammatory response enhances the transmission success of S. Typhimurium by promoting its outgrowth in the gut lumen through unknown mechanisms. Here we show that reactive oxygen species generated during inflammation reacted with endogenous, luminal sulphur compounds (thiosulfate) to form a new respiratory electron acceptor, tetrathionate. The genes conferring the ability to utilize tetrathionate as an electron acceptor produced a growth advantage for S. Typhimurium over the competing microbiota in the lumen of the inflamed gut. We conclude that S. Typhimurium virulence factors induce host-driven production of a new electron acceptor that allows the pathogen to use respiration to compete with fermenting gut microbes. Thus, the ability to trigger intestinal inflammation is crucial for the biology of this diarrhoeal pathogen.
            Article 0 comments Cited 469 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Flagellar and twitching motility are necessary for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development.

              G. O'toole, R. Kolter (1998)
              The formation of complex bacterial communities known as biofilms begins with the interaction of planktonic cells with a surface in response to appropriate environmental signals. We report the isolation and characterization of mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 defective in the initiation of biofilm formation on an abiotic surface, polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic. These mutants are designated surface attachment defective (sad ). Two classes of sad mutants were analysed: (i) mutants defective in flagellar-mediated motility and (ii) mutants defective in biogenesis of the polar-localized type IV pili. We followed the development of the biofilm formed by the wild type over 8 h using phase-contrast microscopy. The wild-type strain first formed a monolayer of cells on the abiotic surface, followed by the appearance of microcolonies that were dispersed throughout the monolayer of cells. Using time-lapse microscopy, we present evidence that microcolonies form by aggregation of cells present in the monolayer. As observed with the wild type, strains with mutations in genes required for the synthesis of type IV pili formed a monolayer of cells on the PVC plastic. However, in contrast to the wild-type strain, the type IV pili mutants did not develop microcolonies over the course of the experiments, suggesting that these structures play an important role in microcolony formation. Very few cells of a non-motile strain (carrying a mutation in flgK) attached to PVC even after 8 h of incubation, suggesting a role for flagella and/or motility in the initial cell-to-surface interactions. The phenotype of these mutants thus allows us to initiate the dissection of the developmental pathway leading to biofilm formation.
              Article 0 comments Cited 432 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Yunn-Hwen Gan
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Redox Biol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Redox Biol
                Title: Redox Biology
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2213-2317
                Publication date PMC-release: 29 May 2021
                Publication date Collection: August 2021
                Publication date (Electronic): 29 May 2021
                Volume: 44
                Electronic Location Identifier: 102012
                Affiliations
                [a ]Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
                [b ]Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, 117596, Singapore
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, 117596, Singapore. bchganyh@ 123456nus.edu.sg
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S2213-2317(21)00170-1 Publisher ID: 102012
                DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102012
                PMC ID: 8182430
                PubMed ID: 34090244
                SO-VID: 5deb518f-e569-4636-a3a5-64f34106cc80
                Copyright © © 2021 The Author(s)
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 26 November 2020
                Date revision received : 29 April 2021
                Date accepted : 12 May 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Articles from the Special Issue on Low Molecular Weight Thiols: Lessons Learned and New Perspectives; Edited by Dr. Barry Halliwell and Dr. Ivan Gout

                Keywords: glutathione,virulence,bacteria,pathogenesis,thiol,immune response
                Data availability:
                Keywords: glutathione, virulence, bacteria, pathogenesis, thiol, immune response

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content242

                See all similar

                Cited by11

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors3,143

                See all reference authors