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      The Desire to Drink Alcohol is Enhanced with High Caffeine Energy Drink Mixers

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          Abstract

          Background

          Consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has been associated with a variety of risks beyond that observed with alcohol alone. Consumers of AmED beverages are more likely to engage in heavy episodic (binge) drinking. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the consumption of high caffeine energy drink mixers with alcohol would increase the desire to drink alcohol compared to the same amount of alcohol alone using a double-blind, within-subjects, placebo-controlled study design.

          Methods

          Participants ( n = 26) of equal gender who were social drinkers attended 6 double-blind dose administration sessions that involved consumption of alcohol and energy drinks, alone and in combination. On each test day, participants received 1 of 6 possible doses: 1) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 3.63 ml/kg decaffeinated soft drink, 2) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 3.63 ml/kg energy drink, 3) 1.21 ml/kg vodka + 6.05 ml/kg energy drink, 4) 3.36 ml/kg decaffeinated soft drink, 5) 3.36 ml/kg energy drink, and 6) 6.05 ml/kg energy drink. Following dose administration, participants repeatedly completed self-reported ratings on the Desire for Drug questionnaire and provided breath alcohol readings.

          Results

          Alcohol alone increased the subjective ratings of “desire for more alcohol” compared to placebo doses. Energy drink mixers with the alcohol increased desire for more alcohol ratings beyond that observed with alcohol alone.

          Conclusions

          This study provides laboratory evidence that AmED beverages lead to greater desire to drink alcohol versus the same amount of alcohol consumed alone. The findings are consistent with results from animal studies indicating that caffeine increases the rewarding and reinforcing properties of alcohol.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          7707242
          365
          Alcohol Clin Exp Res
          Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res.
          Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
          0145-6008
          1530-0277
          17 March 2017
          15 July 2016
          September 2016
          01 September 2017
          : 40
          : 9
          : 1982-1990
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Northern Kentucky University
          [2 ]University of Kentucky
          Author notes
          Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Cecile A. Marczinski, Ph.D., Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099. Phone (859) 572-1438, Fax (859) 572-6085, marczinskc1@ 123456nku.edu
          Article
          PMC5390898 PMC5390898 5390898 nihpa857089
          10.1111/acer.13152
          5390898
          27419377
          6029d4cd-01b7-47bd-a98a-f989afc04b00
          History
          Categories
          Article

          Alcohol,Energy Drinks,Caffeine,Desire to Drink,Social Drinkers

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