Anjutha Selvaraj: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review
& editing
Apoorv Kulkarni:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2100-9250
Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
VisualizationRole: Writing – review & editing
J. M. Pearce:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-3056
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole:
Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole:
Writing – review & editing
Talib Al-Ameri: Role: Editor
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS One
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Title:
PLOS ONE
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
1932-6203
Publication date
(Electronic):
14
July
2023
Publication date Collection: 2023
Volume: 18
Issue: 7
Electronic Location Identifier: e0288696
Affiliations
[1
]
Faculty of Science, Medical Sciences and Environmental Sciences, Western University,
London, ON, Canada
[2
]
Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada
[3
]
Ivey Business School, Western University, London, ON, Canada
Mustansiriyah University, IRAQ
Author notes
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author information
Article
Publisher ID:
PONE-D-23-11771
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288696
PMC ID: 10348544
PubMed ID: 37450496
SO-VID: 612b6488-466c-46fb-b762-b045f19ce77c
Copyright © © 2023 Selvaraj et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
Funded by:
Frugal Biomedical Initiative
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-3056
J. M. Pearce
Funded by:
funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada;
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-3056
J. M. Pearce
Funded by:
Thompson Endowment
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-3056
J. M. Pearce
JMP received the funding. This work was supported by the Frugal Biomedical Initiative,
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Thompson Endowment.
https://www.eng.uwo.ca/biomed//research/Frugal-Biomedical-Innovations.html
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/index_eng.asp
https://www.eng.uwo.ca/tc/ The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Subject:
Research Article
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Endocrinology
Subject:
Diabetic Endocrinology
Subject:
Insulin
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Biochemistry
Subject:
Hormones
Subject:
Insulin
Subject:
Engineering and technology
Subject:
Electronics engineering
Subject:
3D printing
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Bioengineering
Subject:
Biotechnology
Subject:
Medical Devices and Equipment
Subject:
Engineering and Technology
Subject:
Bioengineering
Subject:
Biotechnology
Subject:
Medical Devices and Equipment
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Devices and Equipment
Subject:
Engineering and Technology
Subject:
Equipment
Subject:
Open Source Hardware
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Epidemiology
Subject:
Medical Risk Factors
Subject:
Social Sciences
Subject:
Law and Legal Sciences
Subject:
Regulations
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Chemistry
Subject:
Chemical Compounds
Subject:
Organic Compounds
Subject:
Alcohols
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Chemistry
Subject:
Organic Chemistry
Subject:
Organic Compounds
Subject:
Alcohols
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Chemistry
Subject:
Chemical Properties
Subject:
Viscosity
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Chemistry
Subject:
Physical Chemistry
Subject:
Chemical Properties
Subject:
Viscosity
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Materials Science
Subject:
Materials Physics
Subject:
Viscosity
Subject:
Physical Sciences
Subject:
Physics
Subject:
Materials Physics
Subject:
Viscosity