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      Ascariasis in Humans and Pigs on Small-Scale Farms, Maine, USA, 2010–2013

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          Abstract

          Ascaris is a genus of parasitic nematodes that can cause infections in humans and pigs. During 2010–2013, we identified 14 cases of ascariasis in persons who had contact with pigs in Maine, USA. Ascaris spp. are important zoonotic pathogens, and prevention measures are needed, including health education, farming practice improvements, and personal and food hygiene.

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          Neglected Infections of Poverty in the United States of America

          Peter Hotez (2008)
          In the United States, there is a largely hidden burden of diseases caused by a group of chronic and debilitating parasitic, bacterial, and congenital infections known as the neglected infections of poverty. Like their neglected tropical disease counterparts in developing countries, the neglected infections of poverty in the US disproportionately affect impoverished and under-represented minority populations. The major neglected infections include the helminth infections, toxocariasis, strongyloidiasis, ascariasis, and cysticercosis; the intestinal protozoan infection trichomoniasis; some zoonotic bacterial infections, including leptospirosis; the vector-borne infections Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, trench fever, and dengue fever; and the congenital infections cytomegalovirus (CMV), toxoplasmosis, and syphilis. These diseases occur predominantly in people of color living in the Mississippi Delta and elsewhere in the American South, in disadvantaged urban areas, and in the US–Mexico borderlands, as well as in certain immigrant populations and disadvantaged white populations living in Appalachia. Preliminary disease burden estimates of the neglected infections of poverty indicate that tens of thousands, or in some cases, hundreds of thousands of poor Americans harbor these chronic infections, which represent some of the greatest health disparities in the United States. Specific policy recommendations include active surveillance (including newborn screening) to ascertain accurate population-based estimates of disease burden; epidemiological studies to determine the extent of autochthonous transmission of Chagas disease and other infections; mass or targeted treatments; vector control; and research and development for new control tools including improved diagnostics and accelerated development of a vaccine to prevent congenital CMV infection and congenital toxoplasmosis.
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            Ascaris and ascariasis.

            Eric Holland, Christina Dold (2011)
            Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum are widespread parasitic nematodes of humans and pigs respectively. Recent prevalence data suggests that approximately 1.2 billion people are infected. Adult worms exhibit an overdispersed frequency distribution in their hosts and individuals harbouring heavy burdens display associated morbidity. In this review, we describe the parasite, its distribution and measures undertaken to control infection. Copyright © 2010 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
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              Ascariasis is a zoonosis in denmark.

              Uffe Sørensen, Peter Nejsum, Megan Parker … (2005)
              A preliminary epidemiological survey indicated an association between Ascaris infections in Danish patients and contact with pigs or pig manure. In the present study, we compared Ascaris worms collected from humans and Ascaris worms collected from pigs by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, a technique for whole-genome fingerprinting, and by PCR-linked restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear rDNA. The AFLP data were analyzed by distance- and model-based clustering methods. These results assigned Ascaris worms from Danish patients to a cluster different from that for worms from humans in other geographic areas. In contrast, worms from humans and pigs in Denmark were assigned to the same cluster. These results were supported by the PCR-RFLP results. Thus, all of the examined Danish patients had acquired Ascaris infections from domestic pigs; ascariasis may therefore be considered a zoonotic disease in Denmark.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Emerg Infect Dis
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Emerging Infect. Dis
                Journal ID (publisher-id): EID
                Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases
                Publisher: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
                ISSN (Print): 1080-6040
                ISSN (Electronic): 1080-6059
                Publication date (Print): February 2015
                Volume: 21
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 332-334
                Affiliations
                [1]Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Maine Department of Health and Human Services, Augusta, Maine, USA (L.A. Miller, K. Colby, S.E. Manning, S. Sears);
                [2]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (L.A. Miller, S.E. Manning, S. Montgomery, B. Mathison, M. de Almeida, H. Bishop, A. Dasilva);
                [3]University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine, USA (K. Colby);
                [4]Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry, Augusta (D. Hoenig, E. McEvoy)
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Leigh Ann Miller, Maine Center for Disease Control and Disease, Division of Infectious Diseases, 286 Water St, 8th Fl, Augusta, ME 04333, USA; email: wip1@ 123456cdc.gov 

                Article
                Publisher ID: 14-0048
                DOI: 10.3201/eid2102.140048
                PMC ID: 4313629
                PubMed ID: 25626125
                SO-VID: 6560633f-7ca0-41e5-92fd-0a04f32422ca
                History
                Categories
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Dispatch
                Subject: Ascariasis in Humans and Pigs on Small-Scale Farms, Maine, USA, 2010–2013

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: ascariasis,ascaris lumbricoides,ascaris suum,humans,pigs,maine,usa,parasites,nematodes,helminths
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Keywords: ascariasis, ascaris lumbricoides, ascaris suum, humans, pigs, maine, usa, parasites, nematodes, helminths

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