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      MATLAB Toolboxes for Reference Electrode Standardization Technique (REST) of Scalp EEG

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          Abstract

          Reference electrode standardization technique (REST) has been increasingly acknowledged and applied as a re-reference technique to transform an actual multi-channels recordings to approximately zero reference ones in electroencephalography/event-related potentials (EEG/ERPs) community around the world in recent years. However, a more easy-to-use toolbox for re-referencing scalp EEG data to zero reference is still lacking. Here, we have therefore developed two open-source MATLAB toolboxes for REST of scalp EEG. One version of REST is closely integrated into EEGLAB, which is a popular MATLAB toolbox for processing the EEG data; and another is a batch version to make it more convenient and efficient for experienced users. Both of them are designed to provide an easy-to-use for novice researchers and flexibility for experienced researchers. All versions of the REST toolboxes can be freely downloaded at http://www.neuro.uestc.edu.cn/rest/Down.html, and the detailed information including publications, comments and documents on REST can also be found from this website. An example of usage is given with comparative results of REST and average reference. We hope these user-friendly REST toolboxes could make the relatively novel technique of REST easier to study, especially for applications in various EEG studies.

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          Most cited references45

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          Über das Elektrenkephalogramm des Menschen

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            Real-Time Neuroimaging and Cognitive Monitoring Using Wearable Dry EEG.

            We present and evaluate a wearable high-density dry-electrode EEG system and an open-source software framework for online neuroimaging and state classification.
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              A method to standardize a reference of scalp EEG recordings to a point at infinity.

              D. Yao (2001)
              The effect of an active reference in EEG recording is one of the oldest technical problems in EEG practice. In this paper, a method is proposed to approximately standardize the reference of scalp EEG recordings to a point at infinity. This method is based on the fact that the use of scalp potentials to determine the neural electrical activities or their equivalent sources does not depend on the reference, so we may approximately reconstruct the equivalent sources from scalp EEG recordings with a scalp point or average reference. Then the potentials referenced at infinity are approximately reconstructed from the equivalent sources. As a point at infinity is far from all the possible neural sources, this method may be considered as a reference electrode standardization technique (REST). The simulation studies performed with assumed neural sources included effects of electrode number, volume conductor model and noise on the performance of REST, and the significance of REST in EEG temporal analysis. The results showed that REST is potentially very effective for the most important superficial cortical region and the standardization could be especially important in recovering the temporal information of EEG recordings.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Neurosci
                Front Neurosci
                Front. Neurosci.
                Frontiers in Neuroscience
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1662-4548
                1662-453X
                30 October 2017
                2017
                : 11
                : 601
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in Medicine, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu, China
                [2] 2Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University , Dalian, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Silvina Horovitz, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH), United States

                Reviewed by: Erwei Yin, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, China; Federico Chella, Università degli Studi “G. d'Annunzio” Chieti—Pescara, Italy; Ling Zou, Changzhou University, China

                *Correspondence: Li Dong lidong@ 123456uestc.edu.cn

                This article was submitted to Brain Imaging Methods, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience

                Article
                10.3389/fnins.2017.00601
                5670162
                29163006
                65a17086-7bbb-496a-a8be-d9f5c65a63db
                Copyright © 2017 Dong, Li, Liu, Wen, Lai, Xu and Yao.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 19 June 2017
                : 13 October 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 0, Equations: 6, References: 48, Pages: 8, Words: 5636
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China 10.13039/501100001809
                Award ID: 81571759
                Categories
                Neuroscience
                Technology Report

                Neurosciences
                electroencephalography,eeg reference,reference electrode standardization technique (rest),matlab toolbox,open source

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