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      Call for Papers: Green Renal Replacement Therapy: Caring for the Environment

      Submit here before September 30, 2024

      About Blood Purification: 3.0 Impact Factor I 5.6 CiteScore I 0.83 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Acute Kidney Injury Caused by Bothrops Snake Venom

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          Abstract

          Medically important venomous snakes in Latin America belong to the genus Bothrops, Crotalus, Lachesis and Micrurus. The Bothrops genus is responsible for the majority of accidents. The WHO globally estimates 2,500,000 poisonous snakebites and 125,000 deaths annually. In its last report in 2001, the Brazilian Ministry of Health accounted 359 deaths due to snakebites, of which the Bothrops genus was responsible for 185. Snake venoms cause local and systemic damage, including acute kidney injury, which is the most important cause of death among patients surviving the early effects of envenoming by the Crotalus and Bothrops genuses. Venom-induced acute kidney injury is a frequent complication of Bothrops snakebite, carrying relevant morbidity and mortality.

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          Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of Bothrops asper bites.

          Rafael Otero-Patiño (2009)
          Bothrops asper inflicts the majority of snakebites in Central America and in the northern regions of South America, mostly affecting young agricultural workers in rural settings. This species is capable of provoking severe envenomings associated with local and systemic manifestations. The main clinical features are: local edema, ecchymoses, blisters, dermonecrosis, myonecrosis, defibrinogenation, thrombocytopenia, systemic bleeding, hypotension and renal alterations. In addition, soft-tissue infection, acute renal failure, compartmental syndrome, central nervous system hemorrhage and, in pregnant women, abortion, fetal wastage and abruptio placentae have been described as complications. Intravenous administration of antivenom constitutes the mainstay in the therapy. Antivenoms composed of either whole IgG or F(ab')(2) fragments, manufactured in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico, have been tested in controlled clinical trials, and rational protocols for antivenom administration have been developed. In addition to antivenom therapy, a number of ancillary interventions are recommended in the treatment of B. asper bites.
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            Complications of Bothrops, Porthidium, and Bothriechis snakebites in Colombia. A clinical and epidemiological study of 39 cases attended in a university hospital.

            Rafael Otero, Johnayro Gutiérrez, Marı́a Beatriz Mesa … (2002)
            The clinical and epidemiological features, as well as complications presented by 39 patients with Bothrops, Porthidium and Bothriechis snakebites, are described. Patients were admitted during 1 year in 25 hospitals of Antioquia and Chocó and then, they were transferred to the Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl in Medellín, 30 of them because of the presence of complications, eight because of lack of antivenoms and another one because of the desire of his relatives. Thirty--one (79.5%) of the patients were male, 13 (33.3%) children, 59% of them were bitten at the lower extremities, the majority (74.4%) by Bothrops asper. Twenty-one (53.8%) of the patients were initially attended by traditional healers and sought medical attention at the local hospitals after 2h in 87.2% of the cases. Edema (100%), hemorrhage (74.4%), blistering (38.5%) and necrosis (38.5%), were the local signs of envenomation, while blood coagulation alteration (79.5%), hematuria (74.4%), gingival bleeding (43.6%), hypovolemic shock (23.1%) and oliguria (23.1%), were the systemic signs of envenomation. The final grade of envenomation was severe in 29 patients (74.4%). Thirty patients (76.9%) had one or more complications of the envenomation: acute renal failure (ARF), 15 (38.5%); soft-tissue infection, 12 (30.8%); central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhage, 5 (12.8%); compartment syndrome, 3 (7.7%); soft--tissue hematomas, 6 (15.4%); and Abruptio placentae, one (2.6%). There were four deaths (10.3%), two from ARF and two from cerebral hemorrhage. Fourteen other patients (35.9%) had sequelae. The onset of serotherapy after 2h of the bite was associated with the occurrence of ARF and CNS hemorrhage (p=0.02), as well as the risk of death and sequelae (RR=2.5).
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              Epidemiologia dos acidentes ofídicos nos últimos 100 anos no Brasil: uma revisão

              Rosany Bochner, Claudio Struchiner (2003)
              Neste trabalho foram analisados 22 artigos, 4 livros, 3 relatórios e 1 manual publicados no período de 1901 a 2000, que tratam de acidentes ofídicos ocorridos no Brasil. Concluiu-se que as análises epidemiológicas realizadas nos últimos 100 anos são baseadas nas mesmas variáveis já apontadas por Vital Brazil em seu Boletim para Observação de Accidente Ophidico, ou seja, variáveis referentes ao indivíduo, ao evento e ao atendimento. O perfil epidemiológico desses acidentes também se manteve inalterado ao longo dos anos, isto é, são mais comuns em pessoas do sexo masculino, em trabalhadores rurais, na faixa etária de 15 a 49 anos, atingem principalmente os membros inferiores e a maioria desses acidentes é atribuída às serpentes do gênero Bothrops.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NEC
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nephron Clin Pract
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.1660-2110
                Title: Nephron Clinical Practice
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Electronic): 1660-2110
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2011
                Publication date (Print): September 2011
                Publication date (Electronic): 08 July 2011
                Volume: 119
                Issue: 2
                Pages: c131-c137
                Affiliations
                Renal Physiopathology Laboratory and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, FAMERP, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
                Author notes
                *Emmanuel A. Burdmann, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255 7° andar, sala 711F, São Paulo, SP 05403-000 (Brazil), Tel. +55 11 3069 7684, E-Mail burdmann@usp.br
                Article
                Publisher ID: 324228 Other ID: Nephron Clin Pract 2011;119:c131–c137
                DOI: 10.1159/000324228
                PubMed ID: 21757950
                SO-VID: 66c7c1ea-bc68-4b08-bc7d-83009f4e1bfc
                Copyright © © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

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                Page count
                Tables: 1, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Minireview

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
                Keywords: Acute renal failure,Acute kidney injury,Acute tubular necrosis,Snake venom, Bothrops
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology
                Keywords: Acute renal failure, Acute kidney injury, Acute tubular necrosis, Snake venom, Bothrops

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