Cognitive deficits in familial schizophrenia

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background:

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia and has been observed in subjects with and without a family history of schizophrenia. Nonetheless, there is a paucity of research directly contrasting cognitive profiles in schizophrenia patients and normal people where family history is present and those where the family history is absent.

Aim:

This stydy aimed to compare cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia who had a family history with those that did not and healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty consecutive schizophrenia patients were assessed on admission and follow-up after 6 months of treatment using a specially prepared pro forma, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and the PGI Battery of brain dysfunction is the name give to the test. An equal number of age- and sex-matched normal control subjects were also assessed.

Results:

Visual memory scores in this study show improvement between baseline and follow-up in schizophrenia patients with/without a family history. Both verbal learning and memory increase between baseline and follow-up but do not reach control levels. Reasoning and problem-solving deficits follow a similar pattern and are causative in the inability to adapt to a changing world. Speed of processing shows improvement with treatment. Working memory deficits in patients improve with treatment.

Conclusions:

In this study, all six cognitive domain scores in schizophrenia improved after 6 months of treatment but did not reach the control population level. Individuals with the highest cognitive deficits in the scales were the ones who had a family history of schizophrenia.

Related collections

Most cited references 24

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia.

L Opler, Jennifer Kay, Paul Opler … (1986)

The variable results of positive-negative research with schizophrenics underscore the importance of well-characterized, standardized measurement techniques. We report on the development and initial standardization of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for typological and dimensional assessment. Based on two established psychiatric rating systems, the 30-item PANSS was conceived as an operationalized, drug-sensitive instrument that provides balanced representation of positive and negative symptoms and gauges their relationship to one another and to global psychopathology. It thus constitutes four scales measuring positive and negative syndromes, their differential, and general severity of illness. Study of 101 schizophrenics found the four scales to be normally distributed and supported their reliability and stability. Positive and negative scores were inversely correlated once their common association with general psychopathology was extracted, suggesting that they represent mutually exclusive constructs. Review of five studies involving the PANSS provided evidence of its criterion-related validity with antecedent, genealogical, and concurrent measures, its predictive validity, its drug sensitivity, and its utility for both typological and dimensional assessment.

0 comments Cited 1804 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

A summary of the FDA-NIMH-MATRICS workshop on clinical trial design for neurocognitive drugs for schizophrenia.

Diane E Stover, Richard Keefe, K Nuechterlein … (2004)

On April 23, 2004, a joint meeting of the FDA, NIMH, MATRICS investigators, and experts from academia and the pharmaceutical industry was convened to develop guidelines for the design of clinical trials of cognitive-enhancing drugs for neurocognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia. Experts were asked to address specific questions relating to clinical trial design of adjunctive/co-treatment and broad spectrum agents. At the workshop, experts reviewed relevant evidence before offering the discussion panel proposed guidelines for a given subset of questions. The discussion panel, which consisted of presenters and representatives from FDA, NIMH, academia, and industry, deliberated to reach consensus on suggested guidelines. When evidence was insufficient, suggested guidelines represent the opinion of a cross-section of the presenters and discussion panel. Guidelines were developed for inclusion criteria, the use of co-primary outcome measures, and statistical approaches for study design. Consensus was achieved regarding diagnostic and concomitant medication inclusion criteria and on the use of cognitive screening measures. A key guideline was to limit the trial to patients in the residual phase of their illness, who have a predefined level of positive, negative, and affective symptoms. The most difficult issues were the feasibility of including a co-primary measure of functional improvement and the choice of comparator agent for a trial of a broad spectrum agent (with antipsychotic and cognitive-enhancing effects). The suggested guidelines represent reasonable starting points for trial design of cognitive-enhancing drugs, with the understanding that new data, subsequent findings, or other methodological considerations may lead to future modifications.

0 comments Cited 88 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia.

Douglas Leslie, Richard Keefe, K Hsiao … (2006)

There is growing interest in identifying and surmounting barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia. The authors examined factors associated with participation in competitive employment or other vocational activities in a large group of patients with schizophrenia who participated in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) study, a multisite clinical trial comparing the effects of first- and second-generation antipsychotics. Baseline data on more than 1,400 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were collected before their entry into the CATIE study. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between participation in either competitive employment or other vocational activities and sociodemographic characteristics, schizophrenia symptoms, neurocognitive functioning, intrapsychic functioning, availability of psychosocial rehabilitation services, and local unemployment rates. Altogether, 14.5% of the patients reported participating in competitive employment in the month before the baseline assessment, 12.6% reported other (noncompetitive) employment activity, and 72.9% reported no employment activity. Participation in either competitive or noncompetitive employment was associated with having less severe symptoms, better neurocognitive functioning, and higher scores on a measure of intrapsychic functioning that encompassed motivation, empathy, and other psychological characteristics. Competitive employment, in contrast to other employment or no employment, was negatively associated with receipt of disability payments as well as with being black. Greater access to rehabilitation services was associated with greater participation in both competitive and noncompetitive employment. Overall employment of persons with schizophrenia seems to be impeded by clinical problems, including symptoms of schizophrenia and poorer neurocognitive and intrapsychic functioning. However, participation in competitive employment may be specifically impeded by the potentially adverse incentives of disability payments and by race and may be promoted by the availability of rehabilitation services.

0 comments Cited 82 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ind Psychiatry J

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Ind Psychiatry J

Journal ID (publisher-id): IPJ

Title: Industrial Psychiatry Journal

Publisher: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow (India )

ISSN (Print): 0972-6748

ISSN (Electronic): 0976-2795

Publication date (Print): October 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 22 October 2021

Volume: 30

Issue: Suppl 1

Pages: S83-S88

Affiliations

[1]Department of Psychiatry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Dr. D Y Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Author notes

Address for correspondence: Dr. Suprakash Chaudhury, Department of Psychiatry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Dr. D Y Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: suprakashch@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: IPJ-30-83

DOI: 10.4103/0972-6748.328793

PMC ID: 8611592

PubMed ID: 34908670

SO-VID: 670ab19c-b521-41c4-8ea5-e1706ece4aee

License:

This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

History

Date received : 19 January 2021

Date revision received : 07 May 2021

Date accepted : 05 June 2021

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 2

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 266

See all reference authors

Cognitive deficits in familial schizophrenia

Read this article at

Abstract

Background:

Aim:

Materials and Methods:

Results:

Conclusions:

Related collections

New Psychiatry

Most cited references 24

The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia.

A summary of the FDA-NIMH-MATRICS workshop on clinical trial design for neurocognitive drugs for schizophrenia.

Barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia.

Author and article information

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Article

History

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 495

Cited by 2

Most referenced authors 266