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Abstract
Intra-abdominal and extraperitoneal actinomycosis are rare infections, caused by different
Actinomyces species. However, they have been diagnosed more frequently in the last
ten years. We report three cases of abdominal actinomycosis and a literature review
of the last eight years. All three patients were diagnosed by means of histopathologic
examination only. In one case, an intrauterine device (IUD) was associated with the
infection. Therapy consisted of surgical resection of the inflammatory, infected tissue,
and long-term antibiotic therapy. All patients are free of recurrence. Abdominal actinomycosis
should be included in the differential diagnosis of an abdominal pathology of insidious
onset, especially when an IUD is in place. Even when infection had spread extensively,
combined operative and antibiotic therapy cured most of the cases.